ANDROGRAPHOLIDE AND ITS DERIVATIVE - A STORY OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUG DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS

Authors

  • Andrianopsyah Mas Jaya Putra Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.
  • Chaidir 3BPPT Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia.
  • Muhammad Hanafi Division of Natural Products-Food- Pharmaceuticals, LIPI Research Center for Chemistry, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia.
  • Yuanjiang Pan Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Natural and Biochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
  • Arry Yanuar Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.55_61

Keywords:

Plasmodium falciparum, Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase, Andrographolide, Comparative modeling, Molecular docking, Drug design and synthesis

Abstract

Objective: Andrographolide was found to show moderate antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (PF). It thus becomes an interesting lead for new antimalarial drugs. This study describes a molecular docking of andrographolide and its derivative into the best PF geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (PFGGPPS) model.
Methods: A comparative modeling of PFGGPPS based on a crystal structure of Plasmodium vivax GGPPS was optimized and conducted. This model was considered suitable for molecular docking. Partition coefficient of andrographolide was determined to assist its derivative design based on hydrophobicity property. Synthesis of the antimalarial drug was scaled up to 5 mm and identified by 13C- and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
spectroscopy.
Results: The optimal comparative modeling of PFGGPPS was conducted on chain B (3PH7 chain B). The calculated coefficient partition of andrographolide's derivative was higher (+1.89), compared to that of andrographolide of +1.62. The NMR data of second and third synthesis experiments were consistent at the 5-mmol scale.
Conclusions: On the molecular docking of andrographolide into the model, an antimalarial andrographolide derivative design that is more hydrophobic than andrographolide was proposed since the stronger hydrophobicity property of drug, the better of its activity of the drug. Synthesis of this derivative with a simple and green procedure was found to be reproducible.

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Published

30-10-2017

How to Cite

Putra, A. M. J., Chaidir, Hanafi, M., Pan, Y., & Yanuar, A. (2017). ANDROGRAPHOLIDE AND ITS DERIVATIVE - A STORY OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUG DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 9, 98–101. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.55_61

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