STUDIES ON THE FORMULATION, PHYSICAL STABILITY, AND IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF TEA TREE OIL (MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA) NANOEMULSION GEL

Authors

  • Aprilla Wulansari Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.
  • Mahdi Jufri Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.
  • Angky Budianti Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, University Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.73_80

Keywords:

Antibacterial activity, Melaleuca alternifolia, Nanoemulsion gel, Propionibacterium acnes, Physical stability, Tea tree oil

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to formulate tea tree oil into a nanoemulsion gel dosage form and evaluate its physical stability and antibacterial activity.
Methods: Nanoemulsion gels were formulated with various concentrations of tea tree oil, namely, 5%, 7%, and 9%, using Tween-80 as a surfactant
and propylene glycol as a cosurfactant. The tea tree oil nanoemulsion gels showed a stable physical appearance over 8 weeks of storage at low
temperature (4±2°C) and room temperature (25±2°C), cycling test, and centrifugation test.
Results: The best formula was nanoemulsion gel formulation 1 (F1), which contained 5% tea tree oil, due to its good stability, smaller globule size,
and greater viscosity. The results for antibacterial activity, determined by in vitro study, showed that the tea tree oil nanoemulsion gels exhibited
antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes through the formation of an inhibition zone.
Conclusion: Higher concentrations of tea tree oil in nanoemulsion gels (5%, 7%, and 9%) showed greater mean inhibition zones (28.33±0.88 mm,
30.33±0.33 mm, and 31.67±0.33 mm, respectively).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Corwin EJ. Handbook of Pathophysiology. 3rd ed. London: Lippincott

Williams and Wilkins; 2007.

Hammer KA. Treatment of acne with tea tree oil (melaleuca) products:

A review of efficacy, tolerability and potential modes of action. Int J

Antimicrob Agents 2015;45(2):106-10.

World Health Organization. WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal

Plants. Vol. 2. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002.

Lahkar S, Das MK, Bora S. An overview on tea tree (Melaleuca

alternifolia) oil. Int J Pharm Phytopharmacol Res 2013;3(3):250-3.

Chime SA, Kenechukwu FC, Attama AA. Nanoemulsions-advances

in formulation, characterization, and applications in drug delivery. In:

Sezer AD, editor. Application of Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery.

Rijeka: InTech; 2014. p. 77-126. 6. Khan AW, Kotta S, Ansari SH, Sharma RK, Ali J. Potentials and

challenges in self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems. Expert Opin

Drug Deliv 2012;9(10):1305-7.

Larson D, Jacob SE. Tea tree oil. Dermatitis 2012;23(1):48-9.

Veien NK, Rosner K, Skovgaard GL. Is tea tree oil an important contact

allergen? Contact Dermatitis 2004;50(6):378-9.

Malvern Instruments Worldwide. A Basic Guide to Particle

Characterization. United Kingdom: Malvern Instruments Ltd.; 2012.

Mohanraj V, Chen Y. Nanoparticles - A review. Trop J Pharm Res

;5(1):561-73.

Biju SS, Ahuja A, Khar RK, Chaudhry R. Formulation and evaluation

of an effective pH balanced topical antimicrobial product containing tea

tree oil. Pharmazie 2005;60(3):208-11.

Ziólkowska-Klinkosz M, Kedzia A, Meissner HO, Kedzia AW.

Evaluation of the tea tree oil activity to anaerobic bacteria-in vitro

study. Acta Pol Pharm 2016;73(2):389-4.

Flores FC, Ribeiro RF, Ourique AF, Rolim MB. Nanostructured

systems containing an essential oil: Protection against volatilization.

Quim Nova 2011;34(6):968-72.

Published

30-10-2017

How to Cite

Wulansari, A., Jufri, M., & Budianti, A. (2017). STUDIES ON THE FORMULATION, PHYSICAL STABILITY, AND IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF TEA TREE OIL (MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA) NANOEMULSION GEL. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 9, 135–139. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.73_80

Issue

Section

Original Article(s)