EXTREMELY LOW-FREQUENCY-PULSED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EXPOSURE IN THE HEALING PROCESS OF SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS WITH DELAYED-UNION FEMUR FRACTURE: A STUDY OF THE FAILURE LOAD OF AXIAL FORCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s6.33528Keywords:
Fracture, Malunited, Electromagnetic fieldAbstract
Objective: Under normal conditions, fractures can heal, but under some conditions, complications can occur, such as delayed union or nonunion. Interaction between the processes of angiogenesis and osteogenesis (the interaction of osteoblast and osteoclast) is the determining factor in the healing process. Exposure to an electromagnetic field, as a physical stimulus, affects osteogenesis both in the developmental stage of the embryo and in the fracture healing process. This study was conducted to determine the healing of delayed-union fractures through exposure to an extremely low-frequency-pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF), comparing the failure load scores in experimental animals.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, with 56 experimental rats during August and September 2018.
Results: There was a significant difference in the failure load score in both groups in the fourth and fifth weeks of the study. There were no differences in clinical improvement in the two groups.
Conclusion: This study concluded that there was an improvement in delayed-union fracture healing after the administration of ELF-PEMF, as seen in the difference in failure load scores.
Downloads
References
Riyadina W, Suhardi, Permana M. Pola dan determinan sosiodemografi cedera akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas di Indonesia [Sociodemographic patterns and determinants of injuries from traffic accidents in Indonesia]. Maj Kedokt Indon 2009;59:464-72.
Singer BR, McLauchan GJ, Robinson CM, Christie J. Epidemiology fractures in 15,000 adults: the influence of age and gender. J Bone Joint Surg (Br) 1998;80:243-8.
Ganveer GB, Tiwari RR. Injury pattern among non-fatal road traffic accident cases: a cross-sectional study in Central India. Indian J Med Sci 2005;59: 9-12.
Brinker MR, O’Connor DP. The incidence of fractures and dislocations referred for orthopaedic services in a capitated population. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2004;86A:290-7.
Phieffer LS, Goulet JA. Delayed unions of the tibia. Instr Course Lect 2006;55:389-401.
Giannoudis PV, Einhorn TA, Marsh D. Fracture healing: the diamond concept. Injury 2007;38(Suppl 4):S3-6.
Giannoudis PV, Einhorn TA, Schmidmaier D, Marsh D. The diamond concept-open questions. Injury 2008;39(Suppl 2):S5-8.
Lu C, Miclau T, Hu D, Marcucio RS. Ischemia leads to delayed union during fracture healing: a mouse model. J Orthop Res 2007;25:51-61.
Teven CM, Greives M, Natale RB, Su Y, Luo Q, He BC, et al. Differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells is induced by high frequency pulsed electromagnetic field. J Craniofac Surg 2012;23:586-93.
Einhorn TA, Gerstenfeld LC. Fracture healing: mechanism and interventions. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2015;11:45-54.
Bilezikian J, Lawrence GR, Rodan GA. editors. Principles of bone biology. 2nd ed. Portland: Academic Press; 1996.
Marcelini S, Henriquez JP, Bertin A. Control of osteogenesis by the canonical Wnt and BMP pathway in vivo. Bioessay 2012;34:953-62.
Ongaro A, Pellati A, Bagheri L, Fortini C, Setti S, De Mattei M. Pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulate osteogenic differentiation in human bone marrow and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2014; 35:426-36.
Fu YC, Lin CC, Chang JK, Chen CH, Tai IC, Wang JW, et al. A novel single pulsed electromagnetic field stimulates osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and bone repair. PLoS One 2014;9:e91581.
Shirley D, Marsh D, Jordan G, McQuaid S, Li G. Systemic recruitment of osteoblastic cells in fracture healing. J Orthop Res 2005;23:1012-21.
Utvåg SE, Grundnes O, Reikeras O. Effects of periosteal stripping on healing of segmental fractures in rats. J Orthop Trauma 1996;10:279-84.
Mooney MP, Siegel MI. Animal models for bone tissue engineering of critical-sized defects (CSDs), bone pathologies, and orthopedic disease states. In: Hollinge JO, Einhorn TA, Doll BA, Sfeir C. editors. Bone tissue engineering. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2005. p. 217-44.
Turner CH. Bone strength: current concepts. Ann NY Acad Sci 2006;1068:429-46.
Einhorn TA. The science of fracture healing. J Orthop Trauma 2005;19:S4-6.
Victoria G, Petrisor B, Drew B, Dick D. Bone stimulation for fracture healing: what’s all the fuss? Indian J Orthop 2009;43:117-21.
Aaron RK, Ciombor DM, Simon BJ. Treatment of nonunions with electric and electromagnetic fields. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004;419:21-9.
Shi HF, Xiong J, Chen YX, Wang FJ, Qiu XS, Wang YH, et al. Early application of pulsed electromagnetic field in the treatment of postoperative delayed union of long-bone fractures: a prospective randomized controlled study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disord 2013;14:35.
Assiotis A, Sachinis NP, Chalidis BE. Pulsed electromagnetic fields for the treatment of tibial delayed unions and nonunions. A prospective clinical study and review of the literature. J Orthop Surg Res 2012;7:24.
Gossling HR, Bernstein RA, Abbott J. Treatment of ununited tibial fractures: a comparison of surgery and pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF). Orthopedics 1992;15:711-9.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
