MICROENCAPSULATION OF SCHLEICHERA OLEOSA L. LEAF EXTRACT IN MAINTAINING THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY: ANTIOXIDANT AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE

ZULHAM; YOGA WINDHU WARDHANA; ANAS SUBARNAS; YASMIWAR SUSILAWATI; ANIS YOHANA CHAERUNISAA

doi:10.22159/ijap.2023v15i6.48960

Authors

ZULHAM Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia. Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Makassar 90242, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7049-0218
YOGA WINDHU WARDHANA Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4337-899X
ANAS SUBARNAS Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia
YASMIWAR SUSILAWATI Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-3405
ANIS YOHANA CHAERUNISAA Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4985-8206

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2023v15i6.48960

Keywords:

Microencapsulation, Schleichera oleosa L., Polyvinyl alcohol, Ethocel 10 cP, Fluid bed coating, Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective

Abstract

Objective: Schleichera oleosa L. leaf extract has been studied to have antioxidant activity due to the presence of phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids. Flavonoid compounds that have potential as antioxidants are generally unstable and rapidly degraded due to the influence of moisture, heat, light, oxygen, and other reactive components. Microencapsulation is an effective method for maintaining the stability of bioactive compounds. This study aims to formulate S. oleosa leaf extract microcapsules and test their stability based on the results of physical characterization, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities.

Methods: The microencapsulation process of S. oleosa leaf extract was carried out using a fluid bed coating using a polyvinyl alcohol matrix and Ethocel 10 cP. Stability test using a climatic chamber at 40 °C for 90 d. Physical characteristics consist of drying shrinkage, flow rate, angle of repose, compressibility, particle size, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) picture. Antioxidant activity was tested in vitro using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and hepatoprotective activity was tested using the paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity method in rats.

Results: The results showed that the microcapsules, after stability testing, could maintain the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in the strong category with IC₅₀ values ranging from 50 to 100 ppm. The results of the hepatoprotective activity test of S. oleosa leaf extract microcapsules tested on days 0 and 90 (after stability testing) could significantly reduce SGOT and SGPT levels compared to negative controls after being induced with paracetamol. Still, this effect was lower than that of curcumin, which is known to be hepatoprotective.

Conclusion: The application of the microencapsulation method to S. oleosa leaf extract plays an essential role in maintaining physical stability and maintaining its biological activity as an antioxidant and hepatoprotector.

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