FABRICATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED IRON AND ZINC PARTICLES BY DIOSPYROS CHLOROXYLON (ROXB.) LEAF EXTRACT: CHARACTERIZATION, ADSORPTION MODELING AND CARCINOGENIC DYE ADSORPTION APPLICATIONS

CHANDANA NARASIMHA RAO; M. SUJATHA

doi:10.22159/ijap.2024v16i1.49344

Authors

CHANDANA NARASIMHA RAO Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur-522502, A. P. India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7574-7673
M. SUJATHA Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur-522502, A. P. India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024v16i1.49344

Keywords:

Iron nanoparticles, Zinc nanoparticles, Diospyros chloroxylon, Characterisation, Adsorption studies, Carcinogenic dye reduction

Abstract

Objective: The discharge of these synthetic food dyes, such as sunset yellow and tartrazine, into industrial wastewater can lead to significant environmental and health issues. Its removal through effective adsorption presents an economical and efficient solution. Hence this study proposed to fabricate metal nanoparticles for the adsorption of carcinogenic dyes.

Methods: The fabrication of iron and zinc nanoparticles employed the green synthesis methodology, utilizing an aqueous extract of Diospyros chloroxylon (Roxb.) as a reducing agent. The fabricated nanoparticles were characterized using TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), EDX (Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and UV-Visible Spectroscopy. The nanoparticles were studied for its efficiency for the adsorption of carcinogenic dyes such as tartrazine and Sunset Yellow.

Results: The iron nanoparticles were noticed to be uniformly distributed rod-shaped particles having smooth surfaces with 23-51 nm size range and an average particle size of 34 nm. Whereas the iron nanoparticles were noticed to be uniformly distributed spherical to oval shape with 35 nm to 68 nm size range and an average particle size 53 nm. The XRD results confirm that the iron nanoparticles were rhombohedral phase structure with 71.91 % of elemental iron whereas the zinc nanoparticles were noticed to be hexagonal Wurtzite phase structure having 69.4 % of metallic zinc. These synthesized nanoparticles were applied for the removal of sunset yellow and tartrazine dyes were investigated and found more than 90 % was removed. Adsorption isotherm study was best fitted with Langmuir model, and the maximal adsorption capacity was found to be 52.18 and 75.04 mg/g for sunset yellow using iron and zinc nanoparticles, whereas tartrazine maximum adsorption capacity was noticed to be 69.96 and 84.24 mg/g for iron and zinc nanoparticles. The adsorption reaction follows pseudo-first-order kinetics with high correlation coefficient. Repeated cycles of regeneration, reuse and stability showed very high removal efficiency and stability.

Conclusion: The biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles demonstrates substantial promise for applications in environmental protection.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bulgariu L, Escudero LB, Bello OS, Iqbal M, Nisar J, Adegoke KA. The utilization of leaf-based adsorbents for dyes removal: a review. J Mol Liq. 2019;276:728-47. doi: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.12.001.

Prabhu SM, Khan A, Hasmath Farzana M, Hwang GC, Lee Woojin, Lee G. Synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide-doped nano-hydroxyapatite and its adsorption performance of toxic diazo dyes from aqueous solution. J Mol Liq. 2018;269:746-54. doi: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.08.044.

Gomez M, Arancibia V, Rojas C, Nagles E. Adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of tartrazine and sunset yellow in gelatins and soft drink powder in the presence of cetyl pyridinium bromide. Int J Electrochem Sci. 2012;7(8):7493-502. doi: 10.1016/S1452-3981(23)15799-3.

Alves SP, Brum DM, Branco de Andrade EC, Pereira Netto AD. Determination of synthetic dyes in selected foodstuffs by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-DAD detection. Food Chem. 2008;107(1):489-96. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.07.054.

Chung KT, Cerniglia CE. Mutagenicity of azo dyes: structure-activity relationships. Mutat Res. 1992;277(3):201-20. doi: 10.1016/0165-1110(92)90044-A, PMID 1381050.

Konstantinou IK, Albanis TA. TiO2-assisted photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes in aqueous solution: kinetic and mechanistic investigations. Appl Catal B. 2004;49(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2003.11.010.

Subramani A, Jacangelo JG. Emerging desalination technologies for water treatment: a critical review. Water Res. 2015 May 15;75:164-87. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.032, PMID 25770440.

Ali I, AL-Othman ZA, Alwarthan A. Molecular uptake of congo red dye from water on iron composite nano particles. J Mol Liq. 2016 Dec 1;224:171-6. doi: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.09.108.

Oturan MA, Aaron JJ. Advanced oxidation processes in water/wastewater treatment: principles and applications. A review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology. 2014 Dec 2;44(23):2577-641. doi: 10.1080/10643389.2013.829765.

Robinson T, McMullan G, Marchant R, Nigam P. Remediation of dyes in textile effluent: a critical review on current treatment technologies with a proposed alternative. Bioresour Technol. 2001 May 1;77(3):247-55. doi: 10.1016/S0960-8524(00)00080-8, PMID 11272011.

Gupta VK, Suhas. Application of low-cost adsorbents for dye removal-a review. J Environ Manage. 2009;90(8):2313-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.11.017. PMID 19264388.

Gupta M. Inorganic nanoparticles: an alternative therapy to combat drug-resistant infections. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2021 Aug;13(8):20-31. doi: 10.22159/ijpps.2021v13i8.42643.

Huang L, Weng X, Chen Z, Megharaj M, Naidu R. Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles by various tea extracts: a comparative study of the reactivity. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2014 Sep 15;130:295-301. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.037, PMID 24793479.

Ghosh MK, Sahu S, Gupta I, Ghorai TK. Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles from an extract of Jatropha curcas leaves: characterization, optical properties, CT-DNA binding and photocatalytic activity. RSC Adv. 2020;10(37):22027-35. doi: 10.1039/D0RA03186K, PMID 35516624.

Tulasi SL. Impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Cajanus Cajan Linn. with special reference to germination, vegetative and biochemical aspects. JMPAS 2023;12(1):5624-9. doi: 10.55522/jmpas.V12I1.4573.

Hoag GE, Collins JB, Holcomb JL, Hoag JR, Nadagouda MN, Varma RS. Degradation of bromothymol blue by ‘greener’ nano-scale zero-valent iron synthesized using tea polyphenols. J Mater Chem. 2009;19(45):8671-7, doi: 10.1039/B909148C.

Shahwan T, Sirriah AS, Nairat M, Boyac E, Eroglu AE, Scott TB, Hallam KR. Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles and their application as a fenton-like catalyst for the degradation of aqueous cationic and anionic dyes. Chem Eng J. 2011;172(1):258-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.05.103.

Tyagi PK, Gupta S, Tyagi S, Kumar M, Pandiselvam R, Daştan SD. Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles from spinach leaf and banana peel aqueous extracts and evaluation of antibacterial potential. J Nanomater. 2021;2021:1-11. doi: 10.1155/2021/4871453.

Alagiri M, Hamid SBA. Green synthesis of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles for photocatalytic application. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron. 2014;25(8):3572-7. doi: 10.1007/s10854-014-2058-0.

Dana E, Taha A, Afkar E. Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles by Acacia nilotica pods extract and its catalytic, adsorption, and antibacterial activities. Appl Sci. 2018;8(10):1922/2076. doi: 10.3390/app8101922.

Pai S, HS, Varadavenkatesan T, Vinayagam R, Selvaraj R. Photocatalytic zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesis using peltophorum pterocarpum leaf extract and their characterization. Optik. 2019;185:248-55. doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.03.101.

Tulasi SL, Swamy AVVS, Pavani P, Subhashini V. Green synthesis of nanostructured zinc particles using aqueous leaf extract of schrebera swietenioides roxb. and their catalytic application in the degradation of methyl orange, crystal violet dyes and chromium metal. Int J App Pharm. 2022;14(2):308-14. doi: 10.22159/ijap.2022v14i2.43697.

Gurgur E, Oluyamo SS, Adetuyi AO, Omotunde OI, Okoronkwo AE. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and zinc oxide-silver, zinc oxide-copper nanocomposites using Bridelia ferruginea as biotemplate. SN Appl Sci. 2020;2(5):911. doi: 10.1007/s42452-020-2269-3.

Nidhin M, Indumathy R, Sreeram KJ, Nair BU. Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles of narrow size distribution on polysaccharide templates. Bull Mater Sci. 2008 Feb;31(1):93-6. doi: 10.1007/s12034-008-0016-2.

Chukwuemeka Okorie HO, Ekuma FK, Akpomie KG, Nnaji JC, Okereafor AG. Adsorption of tartrazine and sunset yellow anionic dyes onto activated carbon derived from cassava sievate biomass. Appl Water Sci. 2021 Feb;11(2):1-8. doi: 10.1007/s13201-021-01357-w.

Takdastan A, Pourfadakari S, Yousefi N, Oroojie N. Removal of sunset yellow dye using heterogeneous catalytic degradation with magnetic Fe3O4/persulfate/ultrasound system. Desalin Water Treat. 2020 Sep 1;197:402-12. doi: 10.5004/dwt.2020.25956.

Ghaedi M, Hekmati Jah AH, Khodadoust S, Sahraei R, Daneshfar A, Mihandoost A. Cadmium telluride nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon as adsorbent for removal of sunset yellow. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2012 May 1;90:22-7. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.12.064, PMID 22306446.

Marzbani T, Khayatian G. Application of magnesium oxide nanoparticles for sunset yellow removal in aqueous solutions: adsorption isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies. Iran J Chem Chem Eng. 2022 May 22;41(12):3939-49. https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2022.529057.4696

Zandipak R, Sobhanardakani S. Synthesis of NiFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles for removal of anionic dyes from aqueous solution. Desalin Water Treat. 2016 May 20;57(24):11348-60. doi: 10.1080/19443994.2015.1050701.

Srivastava V, Maydannik P, Sharma YC, Sillanpää M. Synthesis and application of polypyrrole coated tenorite nanoparticles (PPy@TN) for the removal of the anionic food dye ‘tartrazine’ and divalent metallic ions viz. Pb(ii), Cd(ii), Zn(ii), Co(ii), Mn(ii) from synthetic wastewater RSC Adv. 2015;5(98):80829-43. doi: 10.1039/C5RA14108G.

Goscianska J, Pietrzak R. Removal of tartrazine from aqueous solution by carbon nanotubes decorated with silver nanoparticles. Catal Today. 2015 Jul 1;249:259-64. doi: 10.1016/j.cattod.2014.11.017.

Jafari Rad A. Synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles on activated carbon for pollutant removal in tartrazine structure. JCC 2020;2(3):99-104. doi: 10.29252/jcc.2.2.6.