DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF NANO ENCAPSULATED BIO COMPOUNDS OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS: BOX BEHNKEN APPROACH

BHARGAVI POSINASETTY; SRIVIDYA KOMMINENI; K. K. RAJASEKHAR; KISHORE BANDARAPALLE; SYED NAZIYA; CHANAMBATLA YAMINI; DARURI SEEMANTHINI

doi:10.22159/ijap.2024v16i1.49377

Authors

BHARGAVI POSINASETTY Senior Clinical Data Manager, Prometrika LLC, Cambridge, MA-02140, USA. Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bellary, Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3220-5219
SRIVIDYA KOMMINENI Senior Scientist – Process Engineering, Upsher-Smith laboratories, Minnesota-55369, USA. Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanur, Tirupati-517503, Andhra Pradesh https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3886-7843
K. K. RAJASEKHAR Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor-517503, Andhra Pradesh, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5611-1410
KISHORE BANDARAPALLE Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor-517503, Andhra Pradesh, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0032-4331
SYED NAZIYA Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor-517503, Andhra Pradesh, India https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6983-0178
CHANAMBATLA YAMINI Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor-517503, Andhra Pradesh, India https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0686-6743
DARURI SEEMANTHINI Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor-517503, Andhra Pradesh, India https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6926-4802

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024v16i1.49377

Keywords:

Asparagus racemosus, Box-behnken design, Chitosan, Entrapment efficiency, Zeta potential

Abstract

Objective: The current study’s objective is to develop and optimize nanoencapsulated bio compounds of Asparagus racemosus (BCAR) utilizing the ionic gelation process to target the kidney for antiurolithiatic activity.

Methods: Nanoencapsulated BCAR was prepared employing the ionic gelation method. Box Behnken Design (BBD) 3-factor, 3-level is used to examine the effects of formulation parameters and to enhance the desired responses. Characterization studies include Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) performed to study the quality of optimized nanoparticles.

Results: Mathematical equations and response surface plots were used to relate the dependent and independent variables. Diagnostic charts were used to show the varied factor-level permutations. The percentages of entrapment efficiency (% EE) and drug release (% DR) used in evaluation studies of optimized bio compounds of BCAR nanoparticles (OBCARNPs) were determined to be 80.67% and 77.4%, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results showed that chitosan, sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP), and BCAR were compatible. Due to chitosan and NaTPP gelation in the case of OBCBANPs, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses have acknowledged the crystallinity. The particle size and zeta potential of the optimized formulation, found to be 48.8 nm and 14.1 mV, respectively, indicate the nanoparticles are in the nanorange and possess extreme stability by preventing particle convergence. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) studies reveal that the optimized formulation nanoparticles are spherical in shape, homogeneous, and have little aggregation. The accelerated stability studies showed that the optimized formulation was stable at different temperatures and relative humidity.

Conclusion: The stable, optimized formulation was prepared, evaluated, and characterized. BBD is employed to optimize the formulation by minimizing the number of experimental runs and enhancing the desired responses. The optimized formulation further needs to investigate the in vivo studies for antiurolithiatic activity by targeting the kidney.

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