EFFECT OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE (HPMC) AS GELLING AGENT ON PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF TAMOENJU LEAVES EXTRACT GEL (HIBISCUS SURATTENSIS L) AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

NELA SHARON; YULIET; RITHA PRATIWI; SRI SULISTIANA

doi:10.22159/ijap.2023.v15s2.18

Authors

NELA SHARON Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu 94118, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6026-0638
YULIET Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu 94118, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1314-9336
RITHA PRATIWI Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu 94118, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
SRI SULISTIANA Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu 94118, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1045-9824

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2023.v15s2.18

Keywords:

Tamoenju leaves (Hibiscus surattensis L), Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), Physical characteristics, Antibacterial activity

Abstract

Objective: The target of the study was to know the impact of gelling agent in tamoenju (Hibiscus surattensis L) leaves extract gel and evaluate their physical characteristics and antibacterial potential.

Methods: Three gel formulations were prepared using different concentrations (1, 1.5, and 2%) of gelling agents HPMC and they were evaluated for physical characteristics such as organoleptic, pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesiveness and antibacterial potential against Staphylococcus aureus.

Results: The consequences of the organoleptic test for three recipes showed a blackish-green color with a thick texture. The addition of tamoenju leaves extract to the gel base affected the base pH from pH around 7 to 4.4-4.5 and increase viscosity of the gel. The spreadability test of F2 and F3 met the standard, namely 5-7 cm. The adhesion test of the three formulas met the standard for more than 4 seconds. The inhibition test against S. aureus for the three formulas had an inhibitory activity ranging from 10-11 mm, categorized as a moderate and strong category.

Conclusion: Antibacterial gel formulations can be made using tamoenju leaf extract. The physical stability parameters of all gel preparations containing tamoenju leaf extract show good results on day 1, but they alter after 36 d of storage. F2 (1.5% of HPMC) outperformed the other formulations in terms of physical stability and has the strongest inhibitory effect against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

https://tropical.TheFerns.Info/ViewTropical.php?id=Hibiscus+surattensis; 2023. [Last accessed on 17 Nov 2023].

Yuliet KA, Hikma N, N Urinayah. Antibacterial activity and bioautographic evaluation of extract and fraction from tamoenju (Hibiscus surattensis L.) leaves. Int J Appl Pharm. 2022;14(5):56-9. doi: 10.22159/ijap.2022.v14s5.07.

Yuliet SEY, Sukandar EY, Adnyana IK. Active subfractions, phytochemical constituents, dipeptidyl peptidase-iv inhibitory activity and antioxidant of leaf extract from hibiscus surattensis l. Nat Prod J. 2020;10(4):400-10. doi: 10.2174/2210315509666190626125330.

Meilina NE, Hasanah AN. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit buah manggis (Garnicia Mangostana L.) terhadap bakteri penyebab jerawat. J Farmaka. 2018;16(2):322-23.

Resti R, Hendra TS. Treatment for acne vulgaris. J Majority. 2015;4(2):87-95.

Walsh TR, Efthimiou J, Dreno B. Systematic review of antibiotic resistance in acne: an increasing topical and oral threat. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(3):e23-33. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00527-7, PMID 26852728.

Agustiani FRT, Sjahid LR, Nursal FK. Kajian literatur: peranan berbagai jenis polimer sebagai gelling agent terhadap sifat fisik sediaan gel. Maj Farmasetika. 2022;7(4):270-87. doi: 10.24198/mfarmasetika.v7i4.39016.

Sharon N, Anam S, Yuliet. Formulasi krim antioksidan ekstrak etanol bawang hutan (Eleutherine palmifolia L. Merr.). Online Jurnal of Natural Science. 2013;2(3):111-22.

Sayuti NA. Formulasi dan uji stabilitas fisik sediaan gel ekstrak daun ketepeng cina (Cassia alata L.). Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia. 2015;5(2):74-82. doi: 10.22435/jki.v5i2.4401.74-82.

Ismarani D, Pratiwi L, Kusharyanti I. Formulasi gel pacar air (Impatiens balsamina Linn.) terhadap propionibacterium acnes dan staphylococcus epidermidis. Pharm Sci Res. 2014;1(1):30-45. doi: 10.7454/psr.v1i1.3504.

Yati K, Jufri M, Gozan M, Mardiastuti DLP. Pengaruh variasi konsentrasi hidroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) terhadap stabilitas fisik gel ekstrak tembakau (Nicotiana tabaccum L.) dan aktivitasnya terhadap Streptococcus mutans. Pharm Sci Res. 2018;5(3):133-41.

Dantas MG, Reis SA, Damasceno CM, Rolim LA, Rolim-Neto PJ, Carvalho FO. Development and evaluation of the stability of a gel formulation containing the monoterpene borneol. Scientific World Journal. 2016;2016:7394685. doi: 10.1155/2016/7394685, PMID 27247965.

Hariyadi DM, Hendradi E, Rahmadi M, Bontong NS, Pudjadi E, Islam N. In vitro physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin carrageenan inhalable microspheres. Rasayan J Chem. 2022;15(1):132-42. doi: 10.31788/RJC.2022.1516652.

Standarisasi Badan. Nasional. Sediaan tabir surya, Badan Standardisasi Nasional; 1996.

Kharisma IND, Safitri CINH. Formulasi dan uji mutu fisik sediaan gel ekstrak bekatul (Oryza sativa L.). Prosiding artikel Pemakalah paralel. Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi and Saintek (SNPBS) ke; 2020. p. 228-35.

Hanip AI, Mayasari D, Indriyanti N. Formulasi dan uji aktivitas gel anti jerawat ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn). Proc Mul Pharm Conf. 2021;14:1-7. doi: 10.25026/mpc.v14i1.481.

Ardana M, Aeyni V, Ibrahim A. Formulasi dan optimasi basis gel HPMC (hidroxy propyl methylcellulose) dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi. J Trop Pharm Chem. 2015;3(2):101-8. doi: 10.25026/jtpc.v3i2.95.

Rastina SM, Wientarsih I. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun kari (Murraya Koenigii) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas sp. J Kedokteran Hewan Ind J Vet Sci. 2015;9(2). doi: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v9i2.2842.

Borse AV, Gangude BA, Deore BA. Formulation and evaluation of antibacterial topical gel of doxycycline hyclate, neem oil and tea tree oil. Indian J Pharm Educ Res. 2020;54(1):206-12.

Pawestri SA, Saifullah Sulaiman TN. The influence of variation of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and tween 80 concentrations on physical characteristics and physical stabilities gel of water dry extract of temulawak. Int J Curr Pharm Sci 2019;11(6):44-8. doi: 10.22159/ijcpr.2019v11i6.36340.