THE EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF CAPSULE WITH A COMBINATION OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA FRUIT AND MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAVES EXTRACT ON THE BIOMARKER OF LIVER AND RENAL FUNCTION IN THE LIMITED HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS

FAHRUN NUR ROSYID; HARYOTO; BETI KRISTINAWATI; AHMAD FADHLUR RAHMAN

doi:10.22159/ijap.2024v16s5.52468

Authors

FAHRUN NUR ROSYID Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8300-8996
HARYOTO Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia
BETI KRISTINAWATI Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia
AHMAD FADHLUR RAHMAN School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3107-3435

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024v16s5.52468

Keywords:

Momordica charantia, Moringa oleifera, Liver function test, Renal function test

Abstract

Objective: This study examined the supplementation of the capsule with a combination of Momordica Charantia Fruit (MCF) and Moringa Oleifera Leaves (MOL) extract on the biomarkers of liver and renal function in limited healthy volunteers.

Methods: This study used a nonrandom test. 78 healthy volunteers were given 2 x 1000 g of the capsules of MCF and MOL extract. This intervention was conducted for 30 d. The levels of GOT/AST, GPT/ALT, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, urea, and creatinine were measured at baseline and at the end of treatment. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and Wilcoxon sign test with a significant limit of P ≤ 0.05.

Results: This study showed a significant decrease in GOT/AST (P = 0.001), GPT/ALT (P = 0.001), Alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.007), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (P = 0.002), urea (P = 0.009) and creatinine (P = 0.002).

Conclusion: These findings indicated that supplementation of the capsule with a combination of MCF and MOL extract had a positive impact on liver and renal function biomarkers in limited healthy volunteers. This study contributes towards the extension of understanding the potential health benefits of supplementation of the capsule with the combination of MCF and MOL extract.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bortolotti M, Mercatelli D, Polito L. Momordica charantia a nutraceutical approach for inflammatory-related diseases. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:486. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00486, PMID 31139079.

Saeed F, Afzaal M, Niaz B, Arshad MU, Tufail T, Hussain MB. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia): a natural healthy vegetable. Int J Food Prop. 2018;21(1):1270-90. doi: 10.1080/10942912.2018.1446023.

Oyelere SF, Ajayi OH, Ayoade TE, Santana Pereira GB, Dayo Owoyemi BC, Ilesanmi AO. A detailed review on the phytochemical profiles and anti-diabetic mechanisms of momordicacharantia. Heliyon. 2022;8(4):e09253. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09253, PMID 35434401.

Zhang F, Zhang X, YU J, Tan Y, Guo P, WU C. The gut microbiota confers the lipid-lowering effect of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) in high fat diet (HFD)-Induced hyperlipidemic mice. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 May;131:110667. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110667, PMID 32861068.

Yan JK, WU LX, Qiao ZR, Cai WD, MA H. Effect of different drying methods on the product quality and bioactive polysaccharides of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) slices. Food Chem. 2019;271:588-96. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.012, PMID 30236720.

Jia S, Shen M, Zhang F, Xie J. Recent advances in Momordica charantia: functional components and biological activities. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Nov 28;18(12):2555. doi: 10.3390/ijms18122555, PMID 29182587.

Han JH, Tuan NQ, Park MH, Quan KT, Oh J, Heo KS. Cucurbitane triterpenoids from the fruits of momordica charantia improve insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2018;62(7):e1700769. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201700769, PMID 29405623.

Basch E, Gabardi S, Ulbricht C. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia): a review of efficacy and safety. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2003 Feb;60(4):356-9. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/60.4.356, PMID 12625217.

Mejia LA, Korgaonkar CK, Schweizer M, Chengelis C, Novilla M, Ziemer E. A 13-week dietary toxicity study in rats of a napin rich canola protein isolate. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009;55(3):394-402. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.09.008, PMID 19766157.

Pamungkas AR, Indrayudha P. Aktivitas sitotoksik ekstrak etanol fraksi etanol-air etil asetat serta n-heksana buah pare (momordica charantia) pada sel mcf-7 secara in vitro. Pharmacon. 2019;16(2):73-82. doi: 10.23917/pharmacon.v16i2.9049.

Sagor AT, Chowdhury MR, Tabassum N, Hossain H, Rahman MM, Alam MA. Supplementation of fresh ucche (Momordica charantia L. var. muricata Willd) prevented oxidative stress fibrosis and hepatic damage in CCl4-treated rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015;15:115. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0636-1, PMID 25884170.

Choudhary SK, Chhabra G, Sharma D, Vashishta A, Ohri S, Dixit A. Comprehensive evaluation of the anti-hyperglycemic activity of fractionated Momordica charantia seed extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:293650. doi: 10.1155/2012/293650, PMID 23320026.

Mardani S, Nasri H, Hajian S, Ahmadi A, Kazemi R, Rafieian Kopaei M. Impact of momordica charantia extract on kidney function and structure in mice. J Nephropathol. 2014;3(1):35-40. doi: 10.12860/jnp.2014.08, PMID 24644542.

Bhattacharya A, Tiwari P, Sahu PK, Kumar S. A review of the phytochemical and pharmacological characteristics of Moringa oleifera. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2018;10(4):181-91. doi: 10.4103/JPBS.JPBS_126_18, PMID 30568375.

Vergara Jimenez M, Almatrafi MM, Fernandez ML. Bioactive components in moringa oleifera leaves protect against chronic disease. Antioxidants (Basel Switzerland). 2017 Nov 16;6(4):91. doi: 10.3390/antiox6040091, PMID 29144438.

Helal FI, El-Badawi AY, El-Wardany I, Ali NG, Aboelazab OM. Effect of dietary moringa (Moringa oleifera) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) leaves or their mixture on productive performance carcass characteristics and antioxidant enzymes of rabbits reared under heat stress conditions. Agric Eng Int CIGR J. 2017;2017:184-92.

El Shanawany EE, Fouad EA, Keshta HG, Hassan SE, Hegazi AG, Abdel Rahman EH. Immunomodulatory effects of Moringa oleifera leaves aqueous extract in sheep naturally co-infected with fasciola gigantica and clostridium novyi. J Parasit Dis. 2019;43(4):583-91. doi: 10.1007/s12639-019-01130-6, PMID 31749528.

Abd Elhakim YM, El Bohi KM, Hassan SK, El Sayed S, Abd Elmotal SM. Palliative effects of moringa olifera ethanolic extract on hemato immunologic impacts of melamine in rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018;114:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.020, PMID 29438774.

Obembe OO, Raji Y. Effects of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera seed on cadmium-induced reproductive toxicity in male wistar rats. Afr Health Sci. 2018 Sep;18(3):653-63. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v18i3.23, PMID 30602998.

Mthiyane FT, Dludla PV, Ziqubu K, Mthembu SX, Muvhulawa N, Hlengwa N. A review on the antidiabetic properties of Moringa oleifera extracts: focusing on oxidative stress and inflammation as main therapeutic targets. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jul 11;13:940572. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.940572, PMID 35899107.

Al-Ghanayem AA, Alhussaini MS, Asad M, Joseph B. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on excision wound infections in rats: antioxidant antimicrobial and gene expression analysis. Molecules. 2022 Jul;27:14. doi: 10.3390/molecules27144481, PMID 35889362.

Mohammad Shafie N, Raja Shahriman Shah RN, Krishnan P, Abdul Haleem N, Tan TY. Scoping review: evaluation of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) for potential wound healing in in vivo studies-N. I, Krishnan, Abdul Haleem, TYC Tan. Molecules. 2022;27. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175541, PMID 36080308.

Syahruni R, Umar AH, Asnar NH. Karakterisasi tiga tumbuhan obat antihiperkolesterolemia dengan pendekatan berbasis profil anatomi, histokimia dan fitokimia pharmacon. J Farm Indones. 2022;19(2):176-86. doi: 10.23917/pharmacon.

Samodra G, Alfathani NF, Octaviani P. Uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol kombinasi daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) dan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L) dengan Metode DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrayl). Pharmacon. 2023;20(1):19-26. doi: 10.23917/pharmacon.v20i1.22293.

Iswandana R, Lestari DA, Cholimi S. Combination of HPMC and PEG 400 as a taste masking agent of film-coated tablets containing momordica charantia linn. extract. Int J App Pharm. 2018;10(3):8-12. doi: 10.22159/ijap.2018v10i3.24025.

Melebary SJ, Elnaggar MH. Impact of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in reducing the effect of lead acetate toxicity in mice. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2023;30(1):103507. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103507, PMID 36458096.

Abou Zeid SM, Ahmed AI, Awad A, Mohammed WA, Metwally MM, Almeer R. Moringa oleifera ethanolic extract attenuates tilmicosin induced renal damage in male rats via suppression of oxidative stress inflammatory injury and intermediate filament proteins mRNA expression. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Jan;133:110997. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110997, PMID 33197759.

Khalil SR, El Bohi KM, Khater S, Abd El-Fattah AH, Mahmoud FA, Farag MR. Moringa oleifera leaves ethanolic extract influences DNA damage signaling pathways to protect liver tissue from cobalt-triggered apoptosis in rats. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020;200:110716. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110716, PMID 32450433.

Mansour MF, Arisha AH, Al-Gamal M, Yahia R, Elsayed AA, Saad S. Moringa oleifera leaves extract ameliorates melamine-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Adv Anim Vet Sci. 2020;8(1s):47-54. doi: 10.17582/journal.aavs/2020/8.s1.47.54.

Soliman MM, Aldhahrani A, Alkhedaide A, Nassan MA, Althobaiti F, Mohamed WA. The ameliorative impacts of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against oxidative stress and methotrexate-induced hepato renal dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 May;128:110259. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110259, PMID 32485567.

Qamar H, Rehman S, Chauhan DK. Current status and future perspective for research on medicinal plants with anticancerous activity and minimum cytotoxic value. Curr Drug Targets. 2019;20(12):1227-43. doi: 10.2174/1389450120666190429120314, PMID 31486747.

Ouedraogo M, Lamien Sanou A, Ramde N, Ouedraogo AS, Ouedraogo M, Zongo SP. Protective effect of Moringa oleifera leaves against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013;65(3):335-9. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.11.006, PMID 22197459.

Deshmukh NS. Safety assessment of McB-E60 (extract of a Momordica sp): subchronic toxicity study in rats. Toxicol Rep. 2016;3:481-9. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.05.006, PMID 28959571.

Akorede GJ, Ambali SF, Olatunji AO, Aremu A, Basiru A, Ahmed AO. Mitigative potentials of methanol leaf extract of Moringa oleifera on chronic carbamazepine induced haemo-biochemical and thyrotoxicity in male wistar rats. Pharmacological Research Modern Chinese Medicine. 2022 Mar;2:100055. doi: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2022.100055.

Asgari Kafrani A, Fazilati M, Nazem H. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of aerial parts of Moringa oleifera in prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in wistar rats. S Afr J Bot. 2020 Mar;129:82-90. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2019.01.014.

Usman A, Kawu MU, Shittu, Saleh, Bilbonga. Comparative effects of Moringa oleifera and ascorbic acid on biochemical changes induced by subchronic lead toxicity in male wistar rats. Pharmacol Res Mod Chin Med. 2022 Jun;4(9):100140. doi: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2022.100140.

Akyuz E, Turkoglu S, Sozgen Baskan K, Tutem E, Apak MR. Comparison of antioxidant capacities and antioxidant components of commercial bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) products. Turk J Chem. 2020;44(6):1663-73. doi: 10.3906/kim-2007-67, PMID 33488261.

WU S, Huang C, Chen YR, Huang HC, Huang WC, Lai YH. Momordica charantia leaf extract reduces hepatic lipid accumulation and diet induced dyslipidemia in zebrafish through lipogenesis and beta-oxidation. J Funct Foods. 2021;87:104857. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104857.

Offor U, Naidu EC, Ogedengbe OO, Jegede AI, Peter AI, Azu OO. Nephrotoxicity and highly active antiretroviral therapy: mitigating action of Momordica charantia. Toxicol Rep. 2018;5:1153-60. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.09.003, PMID 30627515.

Wardana MS, Jufri M, Mun’im A. Physicochemical properties and nutrition of Moringa oleifera lam leaf extract: a preliminary study on preparation phytosomes as herbal supplement for children. Int J App Pharm. 2022;14(1):281-7. doi: 10.22159/ijap.2022v14i1.43477.

Muhaimin M, Chaerunisaa AY, Rostinawati T, Amalia E, Hazrina A, Nurhasanah S. A review on nanoparticles of Moringa oleifera extract: preparation characterization and activity. Int J App Pharm. 2023;15(4):43-51. doi: 10.22159/ijap.2023v15i4.47709.

Cortez Navarrete M, Martinez Abundis E, Perez Rubio KG, Gonzalez Ortiz M, Mendez Del Villar M. Momordica charantia administration improves insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Med Food. 2018;21(7):672-7. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0114, PMID 29431598.

Nakata H, Nakayama SM, Kataba A, Toyomaki H, Doya R, Beyene Yohannes Y. Does Moringa oleifera affect element accumulation patterns and lead toxicity in Sprague dawley rats. J Funct Foods. 2022 Sep;97:105242. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105242.

Oguntibeju OO, Aboua GY, Omodanisi EI. Effects of Moringa oleifera on oxidative stress apoptotic and inflammatory biomarkers in streptozotocininduced diabetic animal model. S Afr J Bot. 2020;129:354-65. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2019.08.039.