SYSTEMATIC SCREENING FOR PHYTOCHEMICALS OF VARIOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTS OFTHEVETIA PERUVIANA SCHUM. LEAVES AND FRUIT RIND
Keywords:
Thevetia peruviana (S), Yellow oleander, Phytochemical, Alkaloids, Cardiac glycosidesAbstract
Thevetia peruviana (S)Â (yellow oleander) is a tropical evergreen shrub or small tree that is in the Apocynaceae family as and closely related to Nerium oleander, is mainly known for its cardiac glycosides, which was traditionally used as antipyretic [10], as emetics, diuretics and tonics [12].In addition, its extensive use reported for antitumor therapy [11] and therefore it has important medicinal values.
Objective: The present investigation deals with thorough phytochemical analysis of leaf and fruit rind of Thevetia peruviana (S). This study represents a first report of quantitative and qualitative determination of phytochemicals of T. peruviana (S).
Methods: Plant leaves and fruit rind material extracted by using solvents of increasing polarity and the quantity of crude extracts obtained. The ethanol extract has shown highest percentage of yield in both the samples followed by water in fruit rind, than hexane and chloroform extracts. Furthermore, pilot solubility tests performed for the selection of vehicle solvents.
Results: The qualitative phytochemical studies have clearly demonstrated that the plant Thevetia peruviana (S)is a rich source ofalkaloids,flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, anthroquinone glycosides, coumarins, phenols, tannins, steroids, oils and fats.Further quantitative determination confirmed that T. peruviana (S) is very rich in alkaloid 52.92 ± 0.06 mg/g (leaf) and 59.28 ± 0.04 mg/g (fruit rind), saponins 7.97 ± 0.36 mg/g (leaf) and 14.27 ± 1.02 mg/g (fruit rind)followed by flavonoid and phenolics.
Conclusion: Among the extracts, the ethanolic extract has found to be rich in phytoconstituents, which gives a very strong reason to select this plant for cytotoxic evaluation and other pharmacological properties.
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References
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