MALONDIALDEHYDE, ADIPONECTIN, NITRIC OXIDE, C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA AND INSULIN RESISTANCE RELATIONSHIPS AND INTER-RELATIONSHIPS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES EARLY STAGE IS METFORMIN ALONE ADEQUATE IN THIS STAGE

Entsar A. Saad; Salem A. Habib; Wael A. Refai; Amira A. Elfayoumy

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i10.21149

Authors

Entsar A. Saad Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
Salem A. Habib Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
Wael A. Refai Internal Medicine Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Amira A. Elfayoumy Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i10.21149

Keywords:

Free radicals, Lipid peroxidation, Oxidative stress, Inflammation, Pre-diabetes, Metformin

Abstract

Objective: Great interest is directed to inflammation and oxidative stress involvement in type 2 diabetes pathogenesis. Many researchers suggest they play roles but exactly how is still not clear enough. This encouraged us to investigate relations and potential inter-relationships between them and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes in its early stage. Whether metformin drug alone, as frequently prescribed, is enough for type 2 diabetes management in this early stage was an objective.Methods: Blood sugar indices, adiponectin (ADIPOQ), tumor necrosis factor-Î± (TNF-Î±), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), C-reactive protein (CRP), liver and kidney function tests and lipid profile were monitored in non-diabetic volunteers, pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients before and after metformin drug utilization for 5 mo.Results: MDA, inflammation markers and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were elevated, and blood sugar indices and lipid profile showed pathological alterations in diabetics compared to non-diabetics; changes were worse in type 2 cases. They were improved to different degrees by metformin treatment except for pancreatic Î²-cells function and ADIPOQ level showed no significant improvements and it couldn't normalize ALT.Conclusion: Results reflected significant relations and inter-relationships between oxidative stress and inflammation markers in type 2 diabetes in its early stage and indicated that metformin may need to be combined with another drug.Â

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