EFFECT OF LOVASTATIN NANO DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM ON BONE MINERAL DENSITY (BMD) AND BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TIBIA BONES OF WISTAR RATS

RAMANDEEP KAUR; Makula Ajitha

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2019v11i9.34624

Authors

RAMANDEEP KAUR Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad (JNTUH), Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
Makula Ajitha Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad (JNTUH), Hyderabad, Telangana State, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2019v11i9.34624

Keywords:

Nanoemulsion gel, Lovastatin, Bone biomarkers, Micro-CT, Bone mineral density, Biomechanical strength testing

Abstract

Objective: In the present study, transdermal nanoemulsion (NE) gel of lovastatin was investigated for its anti-osteoporosis effect on the long bones of rat i.e. tibia.

Methods: Male wistar rats (n=30, weighing 180-200g) were taken for this study and grouped as: 1) control (normal saline daily), 2) Dex (dexamethasone sodium; 25 mg/kg subcutaneously twice a week), 3) Dex+LNG5 (lovastatin nanoemulsion gel; 5 mg/kg/d transdermally daily), 4) Dex+LNG10 (lovastatin nanoemulsion gel; 10 mg/kg/d transdermally daily), and 5) Dex+ALN (alendronate sodium; 0.03 mg/kg/d orally daily). All the treatments were carried out for 60 d. At the end of the experiment, all animals were anesthetized using diethyl ether and collected blood samples from retro-orbital venous plexus of rats in dry eppendorf tubes followed by the sacrifice of animals by cervical dislocation method and collected tibia bones of both the legs for analysis.

Results: Bone formation biomarkers (OC: osteocalcin, b-ALP: bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, PINP: N-terminal propeptides of type I procollagen) were significantly improved and resorption biomarkers (CTx: C-terminal cross-linking telopeptides of type-I collagen, TRAcP5b: isoform 5b of tartarate resistant acid phosphatase) were significantly reduced in the LNG5 (p<0.05) and LNG10 (p<0.05) treatment groups when compared to Dex. In vivo anti-osteoporotic results demonstrated the formation of new bone in osteoporotic rat tibias. Biomechanical strength testing demonstrated increased load-bearing capacity of rat tibias in the treated animals in comparison with the osteoporotic group (p<0.05 for LNG5 and p<0.01 for LNG10).

Conclusion: Thus, the transdermal NE gel formulation of lovastatin demonstrated the greater potential for the treatment of osteoporosis.

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