COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FROM THE PETALS OF SELECTED INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS
Keywords:
Medicinal plants, Antioxidant activity, FlavanoidAbstract
Objective: The present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity from the petals of four different Indian medicinal plants (Punica granatum, Hibiscus rosasinensis, Cassia auriculata and Moringa oleifera).
Methods: The phytochemical screening of the methanol extract of petals of four different Indian medicinal plants was performed for flavanoids using standard procedures. The methanol extracts were also evaluated for the antioxidant and free radical scavenging potential by employing different in vitro assays such as reducing power assay, metal chelating activity, hemoglobin-induced linoleic acid peroxidation assay, H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide), NO (Nitric oxide), Superoxide anion scavenging assay, ABTS (2, 2'-Azino–bi's (3-ethyl benzothiazoline–6–Sulfonic acid) assay and Hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were assessed by Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride reagents.
Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening for petals of four different medicinal plants revealed the presence of flavanoids. From the above study, the results indicated that the methanolic extract of Hibiscus rosasinensis petals showed highest radical scavenging activities in all assay techniques at 20 µl/ml and also possessed abundant phenolic (62.4%) and flavanoid contents (73.2%) respectively when compared to other Indian medicinal plants.
Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study indicate that the petals of Hibiscus rosasinensis are a potential source of natural antioxidants which may be due to its abundant phenolic and flavonoid contents.
Â
Downloads
References
Guno SC, Rohan SB, Chaitanya RP. Analgesic activity of chloroform extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima. J Pharm Res 2009;2(7):1199-200.
Baker JT, Borris RP, Carte B, Cordell GA, Soejarto DD, Cragg GM, et al. Natural product drug discovery and development: New perspective on international collaboration. Nat Prod 1995;58:1325-57.
Nair R, Kalariya T, Chanda S. Antibacterial activity of some selected Indian medicinal flora. Turk J Biol 2005;29:41-7.
Seyyednejad SM, Motamedi H. A review of native medicinal plants Khuzestan, Iran with antimicrobial properties. S Pharmacol 2010;6(50):551-7.
Maganha EG, Da costa HR, Rosa RM, Pegas HOA, Lia de paula RAL, Saffi J. Pharmacological evidences for the extracts and secondary metabolites from plants of the genus Hibiscus. Food Chem 2009;118:1-10.
Gauthaman KK, Saleem MT, Thanislas PT, Prabhu VV, Krishnamoorthy KK, Devaraj NS, et al. Cardioprotective effect of the Hibiscus rosasinensis flowers in an oxidative stress model of myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury in rat. BMC Complementary Altern Med 2006;6:32.
Satya Prakash. Wealth of India: Raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, New Delhi. Vol. II. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; 1950. p. 247.
Brahmachari HB, Augusti KT. hypoglycemic agents from indigenous plants. J Pharm Pharmacol 1961;13:381.
Shrotri DS, Kelkar M, Deshmukh VK, Aiman R. Investigations of the hypoglycemic properties of Vinca. Indian J Med Res 1963;51:464-7.
Basu and Kirtikar. Indian Medicinal Plants. Vol. II. 2nd edition. International Book distributors Dehradun, India; 1935. p. 867-8.
Latha M, Pari L. Antihyperglycaemic effect of Cassia auriculata. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2003;30:38–43.
Rajagopal SK, Manickam P, Periyasamy V, Namasivaqyam N. The effect of Cassia auriculata leaf extract on lipids in rats with alcoholic liver injury. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2002;11(2):157-63.
Prakash SK. Effects of herbal extracts towards microbicidal activity against pathogenic escherichia coli in poultry. Int J Poult Sci 2006;5(3):259-61.
Fuglie LJ, The Miracle Tree. Moringa Oleifera: Natural Nutrition For The Tropics, Church World Service, Dakar, Senegal; 1999. p. 63.
Faizi, Siddiqui S, Saleem BS, Siddiqui R, Aftab S, Gilani AH. Fully acetylated carbamate and hypotensive thiocarbamate glycosides from moringa oleifera. Phytochem 1995;38(4):957-63.
Guevara AP, Vargas C, Sakurai H, Fujiwara Y, Hashimoto K, Maoka T, et al. An antitumor promoter from moringa oleifera lam. Mutatant Res 1999;440:181-8.
Al-Said MS, Mothana RA, Al-Yahya MA, Al-Blowi AS, Al-Sohaibani M, Ahmed AF, et al. Edible oils for liver protection: hepatoprotective potentiality of moringa oleifera seed oil against chemical-induced hepatitis in rats. J Food Sci 2012;77(7):124-30.
Rao CV, Ojha SK. Analgeslc effect of moringa oleifera lam leaf extract on rats. 2nd. World Congress On Biotechnological Developments Of Herbal Medicine Lucknow. India. NBRI; 2003. p. 42.
Santos AF, Arugula AC, Paiva PM, Coelho LC. Antioxidant activity of moringa oleifera tissue extracts. Phytother Res 2012;26(9):1366-70.
Naqvi SA, Khan MS, Vohora SB. Antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic investigations of Indian medicinal plants. Fitoterapia 1991;62:221-8.
Lad V, Frawley D. The Yoga of Herbs. Santa Fe. NM: Lotus Press; 1986. p. 135-6.
Caceres A, Giron LM, Alvarado SR, Torres MF. Screening of antimicrobial activity of plants popularly used in Guatemala for treatment of dermatomucosal diseases. J Ethnopharmacol 1987;20:223-37.
Saxena A, Vikram NK. Role of selected Indian plants in management of type 2 diabetes: a review. J Alternative Complementary Med 2004;10:369-78.
Gupta V, Bansal P, Garg A, Meena AK. Pharmacopoeia Standardization of H. rosasinensis. Pharm Clin Res 2009;1(3):124-6.
Bao JS, Cai YZ, Sun MG, Wang, Corke H. Anthocyanins, flavonols, and free radical scavenging activity of Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra) extracts and their color properties and stability. Agric Food Chem 2005;53:2327-32.
Sultana B, Anwar F, Przybylski R. Antioxidant activity of phenolic components present in barks of Azadirachta indica, Terminalia Arjuna, Acacia nilotica, and Eugenia jambolana Lam Trees. Food Chem 2007;104:1106–14.
Athukorala Y, Kim KN, Jeon YJ. Antiproliferative and antioxidant properties of an enzymatic hydrolysate from brown alga, Ecklonia cava. Food Chem Toxicol 2006;44:1065-74.
Dinis TCP, Madeira VMC, Almeida LM. Action of phenolic derivatives (acetaminophen, salycilate and 5-aminosalycilate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Arch Biochem Biophys 1994;315:161-9.
Kuo JM, Yeh DB, Pan BS. Rapid photometric assay evaluating antioxidative activity inedible plant material. J Agric Food Chem 1999;(47):3206-9.
Ruch RJ, Cheng SJ, Klaunig JE. Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intracellular communication by antioxidant catechins isolated from Chinese green tea. Carcinogenesis 1989;994:1003.
Nabavi SM, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Nabavi SF, Fazelian M, Eslami B. In vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of Diospyros lotus and Pyrus boissieriana growing in Iran. Pharmacogn Mag 2009;4(18):123-7.
Beauchamp C, Fridovich I. Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Anal Biochem 1971;44:276.
Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorizing assay. Free Radicals Biol Med 1999;26:1231-7.
Kunchandy E, Rao MNA. Oxygen radical scavenging activity of Curcumin. Int J Pharmacogn 1990;58:237-40.
Gülçin I. Antioxidant and antiradical activities of L-carnitine. Life Sci 2006;78:803-11.
Subramanian SS, Nair AGR. Flavonoids of four malvaceous plants. Phytochem 1972;11(4):1518–9.
Jayaprakash GK, Singh RP, Sakariah KK. The antioxidant activity of grape seed extracts on peroxidation models in vitro. Agric Food Chem 2001;55:1018-22.
Ak T, Gülçin I. Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of curcumin. Chem Biol Interact 2008;174:27-37.
Pan Y, He C, Wang H, Ji X, Wang K, Lui P. Antioxidant activity of microwave-assisted extract of Buddleia officinalis and its major active component. Food Chem 2010;121:497-502.
Vundać VB, Brantner HA, Plazibat M. Content of polyphenolic constituents and antioxidant activity of some Stachys taxa. Food Chem 2007;104:1277–88.
Gordon MH. The mechanism of antioxidant action in vitro. In: BJF Hudson (Ed.), Food antioxidants. London: Elsevier Applied Science; 1990. p. 1-18.
Duh PD, Du PC, Yen GC. Action of methanolic extract of mung hulls as inhibitors of lipid peroxidation and non-lipid oxidative damage. Food Chem Toxicol 1999;37:1055–61.
Ak T, Gülçin I. Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of curcumin. Chem Biol Interact 2008;174:27-37.
Aboul-Enein AM, El Baz FK, El-Baroty GS, Youssef AM, Abd El-Baky HH. The antioxidant activity of algal extracts on lipid peroxidation. J Med Sci 2003;3:87-98.
Luo XD, Basile MJ, Kennelly EJ. Polyphenolic antioxidants from the fruits of Chrysophyllum cainito L. (Star apple). J Agric Food Chem 2002;50:1379-82.
Yen GC, Wu SC, Duh PD. Extraction and identification of antioxidant components from the leaves of mulberry (Morus Alba L.). J Agric Food Chem 1996;44:1687-90.
Pita PG. Flavonoids as antioxidants. J Nat Prod 2000;63:1035.
Millers DD. Mineral In: Fennema, O. R. (Ed.). Food Chemistry. Marcel Decker, New York; 1996. p. 618-49.
Lee JC, Kim HR, Kim J, Jang YS. Antioxidant property of an ethanol extract of the stem of Opuntia ficus-indica var. Saboten J Agric Food Chem 2002;50:6490-6.
Spencer JPE, Jenner A, Aruoma OI, Evans PJ, Kaur H, Dexter DT, et al. Intense oxidative DNA damage promoted by L-dopa and its metabolites, implications for neurodegenerative disease. FEBS Lett 1994;353:246-50.