RESPONSE OF POTATO TO HEAT STRESS AND STRATEGIC METHODS TO COPE WITH IT

BIZUAYEHU DESTA; NETSANET TENA; GETACHEW AMARE

doi:10.22159/ijags.2023.v11i1.46889

Authors

BIZUAYEHU DESTA Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
NETSANET TENA Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
GETACHEW AMARE Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijags.2023.v11i1.46889

Keywords:

Heat, disbudding, paclobutrazol, potato

Abstract

Because of its importance in the human diet, potato growth and development have received considerable scientific attention, especially the regulation of tuber development. The trend of potato production has been toward greater acreage in warm climates using cultivars that were developed for production in cool climates. However, low land tropical regions are characterized by high temperatures that limit successful potato cultivation. High temperatures in potato promote haulm growth and suppress tuber production, whereas disbudding and paclobutrazol have the opposite effect, promoting tuber production and reducing the growth of the haulms by inhibiting GA biosynthesis which was increased by high temperature. In addition, the germplasm base for potato is large and assessments of germplasm performance under challenging conditions have revealed new possibilities.

References

Ahmad N, Khan MA, Binyamin NA. Identification of resistance source in potato germplasm against PVX and PVY. Pak J Bot 2011;43:2745-9.

Ahmadi AA, Mobarak H, Osguthorpe J. The effect of time of planting on occurrence of internal brown spot in potato variety Arran Banner in Lebanon. Am Potato J 1960;7:23-7.

Bandara PM, Tanino KK. Paclobutrazol enhanced minituber production in Norland potatoes. J Plant Growth Regul 1995;14:151-5.

Ben Kheder M, Ewing EE. Growth analyses of eleven potato cultivars grown in the greenhouse under long photoperiods with and without heat stress. Am Potato J 1985;62:537-54.

Berga L, Gebremedhin W, Terrisa J, Bereke-Tsehai T, Yaynu H. Potato improvement research. In: Herath E, Dessalegn L, editors. Proceedings of the Second National Horticultural Workshop of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa, 1-3 December 1992. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Institute of Agricultural Research and Food and Agriculture Organization; 1994b.

Bizuayehu D, Tekalign T. Effects of Removal of Buds and Younger Leaves on Growth, Tuber Yield and Quality of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Under hot Tropical Condition. Humbo, Southern Ethiopia, MSc. Thesis. Ethiopia: Haramaya University; 2007.

Booth A, Lovell PH. The effect of pre-treatment with gibberellic acid on the distribution of photosynthate in intact and disbudded plants of Solanum tuberosum L. New Phytol 1972;71:795-804.

Booth A. The role of growth substances in the development of stolons. In: Ivins JD, Milthorpe FL, editors. The Growth of the Potato. London: Butterworths; 1963. p. 99-113.

Borah MN, Milthorpe FL. Growth of the potato as influenced by temperature. Indian J Plant Physiol 1962;5:53-72.

Bowen MR, Wareing PF. The interchange of 14C-kinetin and 14C-gibberellic acid between bark and xylem of willow. Planta 1969;89:108-25.

Burton WG, van-Es A, Hartmans KJ. The physics and physiology of storage. In: Harris PM, editor. The Potato Crop: The Scientific Basis for Improvement. 2nd ed. London: Chapman and Hall; 1992. p. 609-727.

Burton WG. Challenges for stress physiology in potato. Am Potato J 1981;58:3-14.

Cathey HM, Steffens GL, Stuart NW, Zimmerman RH. Chemical pruning of plants. Science 1966;153:1382-3.

Chapman HW. Tuberization in the potato plant. Physiol Plant 1958;11:215-24.

CIP, International Potato Center. Potatoes for the Developing World. Lima, Peru: CIP, International Potato Center; 1984.

Crozier A, Reid DM. Do roots synthesize gibberellins? Can J Bot 1971;49:967-75.

Crozier A, Reid DM. Gibberellin metabolism in the roots of Phaseolus coccineus seedlings. In: Carr DJ, editor. Plant Growth Substance spp. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1972. p. 414-9.

CSA (Central Statistics Agency). The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Agricultural Sample Survey 2016/17. Vol. I. Report on Area and Production of Major Crops (Pivate Peasant Holdings “Meher” Season). Statistical Bulletin 584. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Central Statistics Agency; 2017.

Das A, Gosal SS, Sidhu JS, Dhaliwal HS. Induction of mutations for heat tolerance in potato by using in vitro culture and radiation. Euphytica 2000;114:205-9.

Das Gupta DK. Developmental physiology of sugar beet, III. Effects of decapitation, defoliation and removing part of the root and shoot on subsequent growth of sugar-beet. J Exp Bot 1972;23:93-102.

David L, Richard EV. Adaptation of potato to high temperature and salinity-a review. Am J Potato Res 2007;84:487-506.

Davis TD, Curry EA. Chemical regulation of vegetative growth. Crit Rev Plant Sci 1991;10:151-88.

Dicks JW. Chemical restriction of stem growth in ornamentals, cereals and tobacco. Outlook Agric 1976;9:69-75.

Dimenstein L, Lisker N, Kedar N, Levy D. Changes in the content of steroidal glycoalkaloids in potato tubers grown in the field and in the greenhouse under different conditions of light, temperature and day length. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 1997;50:391-402.

Dogonadze MZ, Korableva NP, Latonova TA, Shaposhnikov GL. Effects of gibberellins and auxin on the synthesis of abscisic acid and ethylene in buds of dormant and sprouting potato tuber. Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol 2000;36:588-91.

Douches DS. Breeding and Genetics for the Improvement of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) for Yield, Quality and Pest Resistance; 2013. Available from: https://www.potatobg.msu.edu/program overview.html [Last accessed on 2022 Jun 07].

Dwelle RB, Kleinkopf GE, Pavek JJ. Stomatal conductance and gross photosynthesis of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as influenced by irradiance, temperature, and growth stage. Potato Res 1981;24:49-59.

Dwelle RB. Photosynthesis and photo assimilate partitioning. In: Li PH, editor. Potato Physiology. New York: Academic Press; 1985. p. 35-58.

Eskin N, Michael A. Quality and Preservation of Vegetables. Boca Raton, Florida: CRS Press, Inc.; 1989. p. 2-11.

Ewing EE, Kahn BA, Lazin MB, Ben M, Khedher H, Mendoza A, et al. Selecting for Heat Tolerance within Populations Derived from the Cornell Andigena Collection. Research for the Potato in the year 2000. In: Proceedings of the International Congress in Celebration of the Tenth Anniversary of the International Potato Center, 22-27 February, 1982. Lima, Peru: International Potato Center (CIP); 1983. p. 81-2.

Ewing EE, Struik PC. Tuber formation in potato: Induction, initiation and growth. Hortic Rev 1992;14:89-198.

Ewing EE. Heat stress and the tuberization stimulus. Am Potato J 1981;58:31-49.

Fletcher RA, Kallidumbil V, Steele P. An improved bioassay for cytokinin using cucumber cotyledons. Plant Physiol 1982;69:675-7.

Gregory LE. Physiology of tuberization in plants, (Tubers and tuberous roots). In: Encyclopodia of Plant Physiology. Vol. 5. Berlin: Springer; 1965. p. 1328-54.

Gregory LE. Some factors for tuberization in the potato. Am J Bot 1956;43:281-8.

Grossman K. Plant growth retardants: Their mode of action and benefit for physiological research. In: Karssen CM, Van Loon LC, Vreugdenhil D, editors. Progress in Plant Growth Regulations. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publisher; 1992.

Hammes PS, Beyers EA. Localization of photoperiodic reception in potato. Potato Res 1973;16:68-72.

Hannapel DJ, Chen H, Rosin FM, Banerjee AK, Davies PJ. Molecular controls of tuberization. Am J Potato Res 2004;81:263-74.

Harvey BM, Crothers SH, Evans NE, Selby C. The use of growth retardants to improve micro tuber formation by potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 1991;27:59-64.

Haughan PA, Burden RS, Lenton JR, Goad LJ. Inhibition of celery cell growth and sterol biosynthesis by the enantiomers of paclobutrazol. Phytochemistry 1989;28:781-7.

Havaux M. Rapid photosynthetic adaptation to heat stress triggered in potato leaves by moderately elevated temperatures. Plant Cell Environ 1993;16:461-7.

Havaux M. Temperature sensitivity of the photochemical function of photosynthesis in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and a cultivated Andean hybrid (Solanum x juzepczukii). J Plant Physiol 1995;146:47-53.

Haynes KG, Haynes FL, Swallow WH. Temperature and photoperiod effects on tuber production and specific gravity in diploid potatoes. HortScience 1988;23:562-5.

Hemberg T. The action of some cytokinins on the rest period and control of acidic growth inhibiting substances in potato. Physiol Plant 1970;23:850-8.

Henninger MR, Sterrett SB, Haynes KG. Broad-sense heritability and stability of internal heat necrosis and specific gravity in tetraploid potatoes. Crop Sci 2000;40:977-84.

Hoad GV, Bowen MR. Evidence of gibberellin-like substances in phloem exudates of higher plants. Planta 1968;82:22-32.

Hooker WJ. Compendium of Potato Diseases. St. Paul, Minnesota: American Phytopathological Society; 1981.

Ingram KT, McCloud DE. Simulation of potato crop growth and development. Crop Sci 1984;24:21-7.

Iritani WM, Weller LD, Knowles NR. Factors influencing incidence of internal brown spot in Russet Burbank potatoes. Am Potato J 1984;1:335-43.

Izumi K, Nakagawa S, Kobayashi M, Oshio H, Sakurai A, Takahashi N. Levels of IAA, cytokinins, ABA and ethylene in rice plants as affected by GA biosynthesis inhibitor, uniconazole-P. Plant Cell Physiol 1988;29:97-104.

Jackson SD. Multiple signaling pathways control tuber induction in potato. Plant Physiol 1999;119:1-8.

Ji ZL, Wang SY. Reduction of abscisic acid content and induction of sprouting in potato, Solanum tuberosum L., by thidiazuron. J Plant Growth Regul 1988;7:37-44.

Jones RL, Lang A. Extractable and diffusible gibberellins from light and dark grown pea seedlings. Plant Physiol 1968;43:629-34.

Jones RL, Phillips ID. Effects of CCC on the gibberellin content of excised sunflower organs. Planta 1967;72:53-9.

Jones RL, Phillips ID. Organs of gibberellin synthesis in light grown sunflower plants. Plant Physiol 1966;41:1381-6.

Khalil IA. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in cereals as affected by growth retardants of the triazole series. Cereal Res Commun 1995;23:183-9.

Khedher MB, Ewing EE. Growth analysis of eleven potato cultivars grown in the green house under long photoperiods with and without heat stress. Am Potato J 1985;62:537-54.

Kooman PL, Fahem M, Tegera P, Haverkort AJ. Effects of climate on different potato genotypes 1. Radiation, interception, total and tuber dry matter production. Eur J Agron 1996;5:193-205.

Krauss A, Marschner H. Growth rate and carbohydrate metabolism of potato tubers exposed to high temperatures. Potato Res 1984;27:297-303.

Krauss A, Marschner H. Influence of nitrogen nutrition, day length and temperature on contents of gibberellic and abscisic acid and on tuberization in potato plants. Potato Res 1982;25:13-21.

Krauss A, Sattlemacher B. The effect of high temperature on tuberization in the potato (Solanum tuberosum). Plant Physiol 1979;63:81.

Krauss A. Tuberization and abscisic acid content in Solanum tuberosum as affected by nitrogen nutrition. Potato Res 1978;21:183-93.

Kumar D, Wareing PF. Factors controlling stolon development in potato plant. New Phytol 1972;71:639-48.

Lafta AM, Lorenzen JH. Effect of high temperature on plant growth and carbohydrate metabolism in potato. Plant Physiol 1995;109:637-43.

Langille AR, Hepler PR. Effect of three anti-gibberellin growth retardants on tuberization of induced and non-induced “Katahdin” potato leaf-bud cuttings. Am Potato J 1992;69:131-41.

Levy D, Itzhak Y, Fogelman E, Margalit E, Veilleux RE. Ori, idit, zohar and zahov: Table stock and chip stock cultivars bred for adaptation to Israel. Am J Potato Res 2001;78:167-73.

Levy D, Kastenbaum E, Itzhak Y. Evaluation of parents and selection for heat tolerance in the early generations of a potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) breeding program. Theor Appl Genet 1991;82:130-6.

Levy D, Seabrook JE, Coleman S. Enhancement of tuberization of axillary shoot buds of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars cultured in vitro. J Exp Bot 1993a;44:381-6.

Levy D. Genotypic variation in the response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to high ambient temperature and water deficit. Field Crops Res 1986;15:85-96.

Levy D. Genotypic variation in the response of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) to high temperatures and water deficit. Field Crops Res 1986b;15:85-96.

Levy D. Potato in Hot Climates-Could We Do More? In: Proceeding of Advanced Potato Production in the Hot. Nahal-OZ, Israel: Climates Symposium; 1992. p. 3-7.

Levy D. Tuber yield and tuber quality of several potato cultivars as affected by seasonal high temperatures and by water deficit in a semi-arid environment. Potato Res 1986a;29:95-107.

Lockhart JA. Studies on the organ of production of the natural gibberellin factor in higher plants. Plant Physiol 1957;32:204-7.

Lugt C, Bodlaender KB, Goodjic G. Observations on the induction of second growth in potato tubers. Eur Potato J 1964;7:219-27.

Lujan EC, Smith O. Potato quality XXV. Specific gravity and after cooking darkening of Katahdin potatoes as influenced by fertilizers. Am Potato J 1964;41:274-8.

Mares DJ, Marschner H, Krauss A. Effects of gibberellic acid on growth and carbohydrate metabolism of developing tubers of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Physiol Plant 1981;52:267-74.

Marinus J, Bodlaender KB. Responses of some potato varieties to temperature. Potato Res 1975;18:189-204.

Mendoza HA, Estrada RN. Breeding potatoes for tolerance to stress: Heat and frost. In: Mussell H, Staples RC, editors. Stress Physiology in Crop Plants. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1979. p. 227-62.

Menzel CM. Tuberization in potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Sebago) at high temperatures, responses to gibberellin and growth inhibitors. Ann Bot 1980;46:259-66.

Menzel CM. Tuberization in potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Sebago) at high temperatures: Gibberellin contents and transport from buds. Ann Bot 1983;52:697-702.

Nagarajan S, Minhas JS. Intermodal elongation: A potential screening technique for heat tolerance in potato. Potato Res 1995;38:179-86.

Nash LJ, Crozier A. Translocation and metabolism of (3H) gibberellins by light grown Phaseolus coccineus seedlings. Planta 1975;127:221-31.

Nelson DC, Shaw R. Effects of planting and harvest dates, location in the hill and tuber size on sugar content of kennebar potatoes. Am Potato J 1976;53:15-20.

Nosberger J, Humphries EC. The influence of removing tubers on dry matter production and net assimilation rate of potato plants. Ann Bot 1965;29:579-88.

Nowak J, Colborne D. In vitro tuberization and tuber proteins as indicators of heat stress tolerance in potato. Am Potato J 1989;66:35-45.

Paiva E, Lister RM, Park WD. Induction and accumulation of major tuber proteins of potato in stems and petioles. Plant Physiol 1983;71:161-8.

Peet MM, Kramer PJ. Effects of decreasing source/sink ratio in soybeans on photosynthesis, photorespiration, transpiration and yield. Plant Cell Environ 1980;3:201-6.

Prange RK, Kenneth BM, David JM, Ribo D. Reduction in potato growth at high temperature: Role of photosynthesis and dark respiration. Am Potato J 1990;67:357-69.

Rademacher W. Bioregulation of Crop Plants with Inhibitors of Gibberellins Biosynthesis. In: Latimer JG, editor. Atlanta, Georgia: Proceedings of the 24th Annual Meeting of Plant Growth Regulation Society of America; 1997. p. 27-31.

Reynolds MP, Ewing EE. Effects of high air and soil temperature stress on growth and tuberization in Solanum tuberosum. Ann Bot 1989;64:241- 7.

Sachs RM, Hackett WP. Chemical inhibition of plant height. Hort Sci 1972;7:440-7.

Sands PJ, Hacket C, Nix HA. A model for the development and bulking of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) I. Derivation from well-managed field crops. Field Crops Res 1979;2:309-31.

Sankhla N, Davis TD, Upadhyaya A, Sankhla D, Walser RH, Smith BN. Growth and metabolism of soybean as affected by paclobutrazol. Plant Cell Physiol 1985;26:913-21.

Sattelmacher B. A rapid seedling test for adaptation to high temperatures. Potato Res 1983;26:133-8.

Sebastian B, Alberto G, Emilio AC, Jose AF, Juan AF. Growth, development and color response of potted Dianthus caryophyllus cv. Mondriaan to paclobutrazol treatment. Sci Hort 2002;94:371-7.

Shekhawat GS, Naik PS. Potato in India. Shimla, India: Central Potato Research Institute; 1999.

Simko I. Effects of paclobutrazol on in vitro formation of potato micro-tubers and their sprouting after storage. Biol Plant 1994;36:15-20.

Skene KG. Gibberellin-like substances in root exudates of Vitis vinifera. Planta 1967;74:250-62.

Slater JW. The effect of night temperature on tuber initiation of the potato. Eur Potato J 1968;11:14-22.

Smith O. Potatoes: Production, Storing, Processing. Westport, Connecticut: The Avi Publishing Company, Inc.; 1968.

Snyder R, Ewing EE. Interactive effects of temperature, photoperiod and cultivar on tuberization of potato cuttings. Hort Sci 1989;24:336-8.

Stoddart JL, Lang A. The effect of day length in gibberellins synthesis in leaves of red clover (Trifolium pratens L.). In: Wightman F, Setterfield C, editors. Biochemistry and Physiology of Plant Growth Substances. Ottawa: Runge Press; 1967. p. 1371-83.

Struik PC, Ewing EE. Crop physiology of potato (Solanum tuberosum): Responses to photoperiod and temperature relevant to crop modeling. In: Haverkort AJ, MacKerron DK, editors. Ecology and Modelling of Potato Crops under Conditions Limiting Growth. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1995. p. 19-40.

Tai GC, Levy D, Coleman WK. Path analysis of genotype-environment interactions of potatoes exposed to increasing warm climate constraints. Euphytica 1994;75:49-61.

Tekalign T, Asfaw Z. Removal of reproductive growth increased yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Trop Agric 2002;79:125-8.

Tekalign T, Hammes PS. Growth and productivity of potato as influenced by cultivar and reproductive growth. II. Growth analysis, tuber yield and quality. Sci Hortic 2005;105:29-44.

Tekalign T, Hammes PS. Response of potato grown in a hot tropical lowland to applied paclobutrazol II. Tuber attributes. N Z J Crop Hortic Sci 2005b;33:43-51.

Tekalign T. Response of potato grown under non-inductive greenhouse conditions to paclobutrazol: Shoot growth, chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, assimilate partitioning, tuber yield, quality and dormancy. Plant Growth Regul 2006;43:227-36.

Thompson HC, Kelly WC. Vegetable Crops. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill Publ, Co. Ltd.; 1972. p. 372-85.

Tibbitts TW, Cao W, Bennett SM. Utilization of potatoes for life support in space. V. Evaluation of cultivars in response to continuous light and high temperature. Am Potato J 1992;69:229-37.

Timlin D, Rahman SM, Baker J, Reddy VR, Fleisher D, Quebedeaux B. Whole plant photosynthesis, development, and carbon partitioning in potato as a function of temperature. Agron J 2006;98:1195-203.

Ting YC, Lockhart JA. Translocation of applied gibberellins in bean seedlings. Am J Bot 1965;52:828-33.

Van den Berg JH, Vreugdenhil D, Ludford PM, Hillman LL, Ewing EE. Changes in starch, sugar, and abscisic acid contents associated with second growth in tubers of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) one-leaf cuttings. J Plant Physiol 1991;139:86-9.

Van Es A, Hartmans KJ. In: Rastovski A, editor. Structure and Chemical Composition of the Potato, in Storage of Potatoes. Wagengen: PUDOC; 1987. p. 15-78.

Vandam J, Kooman PL, Struik PC. Effects of temperature and photoperiod on early growth and final number of tubers in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Potato Res 1996;39:51-62.

Veilleux R, Paz MM, Levy D. Potato germplasm development for warm climates: Genetic enhancement of tolerance to heat stress. Euphytica 1997;98:83-92.

Visser RG, Vreugdenhil D, Hendrix T, Jacobsen E. Gene expression and carbohydrate content during stolon to tuber transition in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). Physiol Plant 1994;90:285-92.

Vreugdenhil D, Sergeeva LI. Gibberellins and tuberization in potato. Potato Res 1999;42:471-81.

Vreugdenhil D, Struik PC. An integrated view of the hormonal regulation of tuber formation in potato (Solanum tuberosum). Physiol Plant 1989;75:525-31.

Wheeler RM, Steffen KL, Tibbitts TW, Palta JP. Utilization of potatoes for life support in space. II. The effects of temperature under 24-h and 12-h photoperiods. Am Potato J 1986;63:639-47.

Winkler E. Potato cultivation in tyroll. II. Photosynthetic efficiency and respiration in different potato varieties. Potato Res 1971;14:1-18.

Wivutvongvana M. Physiological Response of Heat Tolerant and Heat Sensitive Potatoes (Solanum Species), PhD Thesis. New York: Cornell University; 1979. p. 121.

Wolf S, Marani A, Rudich J. Effects of temperature and photoperiod on assimilate partitioning in potato plant. Ann Bot 1990;66:515-20.

Wolf S, Olesinski AA, Rudich J, Marani A. Effect of high temperature on photosynthesis in potatoes. Ann Bot 1990b;65:179-85.

Yandell BS, Najar A, Wheeler RM, Tibbitts TW. Use of response surface methodology to model the effects of light, carbon dioxide, and temperature on the growth of potato. Crop Sci 1988;28:811-8.

Zhou W, Xi H. Effects of mixatalol and paclobutrazol on photosynthesis and yield of rape (Brassica napus). J Plant Growth Regul 1993;12:157-61.