PREDICTED BINDING MODE OF ANDROGRAPHOLIDE AND ITS DERIVATIVES BOUND TO PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM GERANYLGERANYL PYROPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.54_60Keywords:
Andrographolide, Plasmodium falciparum, Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase, Comparative modeling, Molecular dockingAbstract
Objective: Andrographolide is a major secondary metabolite in the Indonesian herb sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata). It displays a moderate antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. This study aimed to investigate andrographolide inhibition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPPS) by andrographolide molecular docking.
Methods: A comparative modeling of P. falciparum GGPPS was conducted using one of the Plasmodium vivax GGPPS crystal structures as a template. The best model from this comparative modeling was then used in a molecular docking to investigate the binding mode of andrographolide in the P. falciparum GGPPS active site.
Results: In the P. falciparum GGPPS active site, andrographolide is situated with its double rings pointing toward the hydrophobic pocket, while its lactone group is positioned between first aspartate-rich motif and second aspartate-rich motif of the catalytic pocket.
Conclusions: In the active site, andrographolide is situated with its double rings pointing toward the hydrophobic pocket, while its lactone group is positioned in the catalytic pocket.
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Supplementary Fig. 3: Left: Docking pose of 1 (light blue sticks), 2a (purple sticks), and 2b (yellow sticks), in Plasmodium falciparum
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