SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION OF CITRONELLA OIL FROM CYMBOPOGON WINTERIANUS USING TAGUCHI ORTHOGONAL ARRAY DESIGN

Rinaldi Salea; Stevanus Hiendrawan; Erna Subroto; Bambang Veriansyah; Raymond R. Tjandrawinata

doi:10.22159/ijap.2018v10i6.28880

Authors

Rinaldi Salea Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences (DLBS) Industri Selatan V Block PP No. 7, Jababeka Industrial Estate II, Cikarang 17550, West Java, Indonesia
Stevanus Hiendrawan Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences (DLBS) Industri Selatan V Block PP No. 7, Jababeka Industrial Estate II, Cikarang 17550, West Java, Indonesia
Erna Subroto Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences (DLBS) Industri Selatan V Block PP No. 7, Jababeka Industrial Estate II, Cikarang 17550, West Java, Indonesia
Bambang Veriansyah Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences (DLBS) Industri Selatan V Block PP No. 7, Jababeka Industrial Estate II, Cikarang 17550, West Java, Indonesia
Raymond R. Tjandrawinata Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences (DLBS) Industri Selatan V Block PP No. 7, Jababeka Industrial Estate II, Cikarang 17550, West Java, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2018v10i6.28880

Keywords:

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, Citronella, Cymbopogon winterianus, Optimization, Taguchi

Abstract

Objective: Optimum condition for the extraction of citronella oil from citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) was investigated.

Methods: In order to determine the optimum extraction condition, a Taguchi experiment with L₉ orthogonal array design was used. Effects of pressure, temperature and dynamic extraction time on citronella oil yield were investigated at levels ranging between 10-15 MPa, 35-45 Â°C and 60-180 min, respectively.

Results: The highest citronella oil yield (3.206%) was achieved at a factor combination of 15 MPa, 50 Â°C and 180 min. The obtained citronella oil yield from SC-CO₂ extraction was higher than that of percolation as the solvent extraction method using ethanol, which gave a citronella oil yield of 1.4%. The experimental oil yield at optimum condition was in accordance to the values predicted by a computational process using Taguchi method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with 95% confidence interval indicates that extraction temperature is the most significant factor in maximizing citronella oil yield, followed by dynamic extraction time and pressure.

Conclusion: Optimization process for oil yield from SC-CO₂extraction of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) was successfully performed using Taguchi L₉ orthogonal array design. This study demonstrates that Taguchi method was able to simplify the experimental procedure of SC-CO₂process.Â

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