QBD-BASED DEVELOPMENT OF ORODISPERSIBLE FILMS OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2022v14i5.45300

Keywords:

Quality by Design, Orodispersible films, Antipsychotic drugs

Abstract

This review provides an overview of the application of the Quality by Design (QbD) approach in the formulation and evaluation of the orodispersible films (ODFs) of antipsychotic drugs. Quality by Design involves a well-defined approach with predefined objectives to develop the product or process based on quality risk management and sound science. It comprises the defining of Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs), risk assessment, design and development, and evaluation of formulation. The Orodispersible films are ultra-thin, elegant, and portable dosage forms that do not require water to be ingested. It can be used for individuals who require special needs, such as for treating psychosis, schizophrenia, mania, and dysphagia. Hence, it holds tremendous potential in terms of patient compliance, convenience, and pharmacotherapy. They are fabricated by different techniques, which include solvent casting, hot-melt extrusion, 3D printing, and others discussed here. They are evaluated for different attributes like mechanical strength, dissolution, disintegration, tensile strength, folding endurance, and others discussed here. It also provides the significance of stability, packaging, shapes, and patent-related concepts of orodispersible films.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Quality by Design (QbD) in Pharmaceutical industry [internet]. Available from: https://www.pharmatutor.org/articles/ quality-by-design-qbd-in-pharmaceutical-industry-tools-perspectives-and-challenges. [Last accessed on 21 Jul 2022]

Bhoop BS. Quality by Design (QbD) for holistic pharma excellence and regulatory compliance. Pharm Times. 2014;46(8):26-33.

Haque SE, Sheela A. Development of polymer-bound fast-dissolving metformin buccal film with disintegrants. Int J Nanomedicine. 2015;10Suppl 1:199-205. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S80052, PMID 26491321.

Bala R, Pawar P, Khanna S, Arora S. Orally dissolving strips: A new approach to oral drug delivery system. Int J Pharm Investig. 2013;3(2):67-76. doi: 10.4103/2230-973X.114897, PMID 24015378.

Adriany R, Anwar EF, Andrajati R. Hanafi M. Formulation of orodispersible tablet of Luffa acutangula (L.) roxb using novel co-processed via spray dried excipient. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2015 Jan 1;7(1):124-9.

Das PS, Verma S, Saha P. Fast dissolving tablet using solid dispersion technique: a review. Int J Curr Pharm Sci. 2017;9(6):1. doi: 10.22159/ijcpr.2017v9i6.23435.

Tho I. Smeltetabletter fordeler og ulemper. Tidsskrift for Den Norske Legeforening. 2012;132(4):424-5.

Liew KB, Tan YTF, Peh KK. Characterization of oral disintegrating film containing donepezil for Alzheimer disease. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2012;13(1):134-42. doi: 10.1208/s12249-011-9729-4, PMID 22167416.

Singh S, Virmani T, Virmani R, Mahlawat G, Kumar P. Fast dissolving drug delivery systems: formulation, preparation techniques and evaluation. Univ J Pharm Res. 2018;3. doi: 10.22270/ujpr.v3i4.185.

Cilurzo F, Musazzi UM, Franze S, Selmin F, Minghetti P. Orodispersible dosage forms: biopharmaceutical improvements and regulatory requirements. Drug Discov Today. 2018;23(2):251-9. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.10.003, PMID 29030242.

NCI. Thesaurus [internet]. Available from: https://ncithesaurus.nci.nih.gov. [Last accessed on 21 Jul 2022]

In-process revision Vol. 35(5); Sep-Oct 2009. USP–NF [internet]. Available from: https://www.uspnf.com/sites/default/files/usp_pdf/EN/USPNF/pharmaceuticalDosageForms.pdf. [Last accessed on 17 Mar 2022]

Oromucosal Preparations. Physiol. In: European Pharmacopoeia Commission, editor. European pharmacopoeia. European directorate for the quality of medicines and Healthcare (EDQM). Strasbourg, France; 2018.

Gupta A, Kumar J, Verma S, Singh H. Application of quality by design approach for the optimization of orodispersible film formulation. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2018;11(14):8. doi: 10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11s2.28508.

Meghana R. An overview on mouth dissolving film. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2018;11:44-7. doi: 10.22159/ ajpcr.2018.v11s4.31712.

Frederic Deadman LL. New impregnated or coated films; 1967.

Fuchs P, Hilmann J. Medicament carriers in the form of film having active substance incorporated therein; 1979.

Pham CL, Wood AJ, Lambert MB, Carpenter W. Palatal erythema in patients using listerine cool mint pocketpaks oral care strips: case reports. J Dent Child (Chic). 2005 May-Aug;72(2):52-5. PMID 16294932.

Outsourcing-Pharma. Zengen claims a first with drug-laden oral strip [online]; 2022.

Preis M. Orally disintegrating films and mini-tablets-innovative dosage forms of choice for. pediatric use. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2015;16(2):234–41.

Reindel KL, DeAngelis MJ, Ferrara AS, Conn KM, Phillips EM, Corigliano AT. An exploratory study of Suboxone (buprenorphine/naloxone) film splitting: cutting methods, content uniformity, and stability. Int J Pharm Compd. 2019 May-Jun;23(3):258-63. PMID 31085795.

Tripathi KD. Essentials of medical pharmacology. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P), Ltd.; 2013.

Ozcan Bulbul EO, Mesut B, Cevher E, Oztaş E, Ozsoy Y. Product transfer from lab-scale to pilot-scale of quetiapine fumarate orodispersible films using quality by design approach. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2019 Dec 1;54:101358. doi: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101358.

Jani R, Patel D. Hot melt extrusion: an industrially feasible approach for casting Orodispersible Film. Asian J Pharm Sci. 2015;10(4):292-305. doi: 10.1016/j.ajps.2015.03.002.

European Medicines Agency. ICH Q9 Quality risk management-European Medicines Agency; 2006.

Krull SM, Susarla R, Afolabi A, Li M, Ying Y, Iqbal Z. Polymer strip films as a robust, surfactant-free platform for delivery of BCS Class II drug nanoparticles. Int J Pharm. 2015;489(1-2):45-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.04.034, PMID 25888803.

Krull SM, Patel HV, Li M, Bilgili E, Dave RN. Critical material attributes (cmas) of strip films loaded with poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles: I. Impact of plasticizer on film properties and dissolution. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2016;92:146-55. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.07.005, PMID 27402100.

Scarpa M, Paudel A, Kloprogge F, Hsiao WK, Bresciani M, Gaisford S. Key acceptability attributes of Orodispersible Films. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2018;125:131-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.01.003, PMID 29355687.

Thabet Y, Breitkreutz J. Orodispersible films: product transfer from lab-scale to continuous manufacturing. Int J Pharm. 2018;535(1-2):285-92. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.021, PMID 29146537.

International BP. Practical considerations for DoE implementation in quality by design-BioProcess International [online]. Information Technology/practical-considerations-for-doe-implementation-in-quality-by-design-297328/>; 2022. Available from: https://bioprocessintl.com/manufacturing. [Last accessed on 21 Jul 2022]

Arya A, Chandra A, Sharma V, Pathak K. Fast dissolving oral films: an innovative drug delivery system and dosage form. Int J ChemTech Res. 2010 Jan;2(1):576-83.

Bhyan B, Jangra S, Kaur M, Singh H. Orally fast dissolving films: innovations in formulation and technology. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2011 Jul;9(2):9-15.

Dixit RP, Puthli SP. Oral strip technology: overview and future potential. J Control Release. 2009;139(2):94-107. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.06.014, PMID 19559740.

Siddiqui MN, Garg G, Sharma PK. A short review of ”A novel approach in oral fast dissolving drug delivery system and their patents”. Adv Biol Res. 2011;5(6):291-303.

Dhere PM, Patwekar SL. Review on preparation and evaluation of oral disintegrating films. IJPT. 2011;3(4):1572-85.

Bhura N, Sanghvi K, Patel U, Parmar B, Patel D. A review on fast dissolving film. IJPRBS. 2012;1(3):66-89.

Dahiya M, Saha S, Shahiwala AF. A review on Mouth dissolving films. Curr Drug Deliv. 2009;6(5):469-76. doi: 10.2174/156720109789941713, PMID 19751197.

Gupta MM, Patel MG, Kedawat M. Enhancement of dissolution rate of rapidly dissolving oral film of meclizine hydrochloride by complexation of meclizine hydrochloride with β-cyclodextrine. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2011;1(9):150-3.

Smriti T. Mouth dissolving films: a review. Int J Pharm Biol Sci. 2013 Jan;4:899-908.

Murata Y, Isobe T, Kofuji K, Nishida N, Kamaguchi R. Preparation of fast dissolving films for oral dosage from natural polysaccharides. Materials (Basel). 2010 Aug 9;3(8):4291-9. doi: 10.3390/ma3084291, PMID 28883330.

Patel K, Soni S, Patel R, Pandya V, Bharadia P. Mouth dissolving film: a review. Int J Pharm Res Scholars. 2012;1(3):154-63.

Kumar SV, Gvaskar B, Sharan G, Rao YM. Overview on fast dissolving films. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2010;2(3):2933.

Panchal MS, Patel H, Bagada A, Vadalia KR. Formulation and evaluation of mouth dissolving film of ropinirole hydrochloride by using pullulan polymers. IJPRAS. 2012;1(3):60-72.

Borges AF, Silva C, Coelho JF, Simoes S. Oral films: current status and future perspectives II– Intellectual property, technologies and market needs. J Control Release. 2015 May 28;206:108-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.03.012, PMID 25776737.

Patent portfolio for pharmfilm® [internet]; 2018. Available from: https://aquestive.com/canadian-patent-portfolio-for-pharmfilm. [Last accessed on 21 Jul 2022]

Seoulpharmaceuticals; 2022. Available from: http://www.seoulpharmaceuticals.com/sub/sub1010.asp#expertize02> [Last accessed on 16 Mar 2022]

Borges AF, Silva C, Coelho JF, Simões S. Oral films: current status and future perspectives: I – Galenical development and quality attributes. J Control Release. 2015 May 28;206:1-19. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.03.006, PMID 25747406.

Carolina Visser J, Weggemans OAF, Boosman RJ, Loos KU, Frijlink HW, Woerdenbag HJ. Increased drug load and polymer compatibility of bilayered orodispersible films. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2017 Sep 30;107:183-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.07.010, PMID 28709911.

Visser JC, Woerdenbag HJ, Crediet S, Gerrits E, Lesschen MA, Hinrichs WLJ. Orodispersible films in individualized pharmacotherapy: the development of a formulation for pharmacy preparations. Int J Pharm. 2015 Jan 15;478(1):155-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.11.013, PMID 25448577.

Łyszczarz E, Brniak W, Szafraniec Szczęsny J, Majka TM, Majda D, Zych M. The impact of the preparation method on the properties of orodispersible films with aripiprazole: electrospinning vs. Casting and 3D Printing Methods. Pharmaceutics. 2021 Jul 22;13(8):1122. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081122, PMID 34452083.

Illangakoon UE, Gill H, Shearman GC, Parhizkar M, Mahalingam S, Chatterton NP. Fast dissolving paracetamol/caffeine nanofibers prepared by electrospinning. Int J Pharm. 2014 Dec 30;477(1-2):369-79. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.10.036, PMID 25455779.

Rustemkyzy C, Belton P, Qi S. Preparation and characterization of ultra rapidly dissolving orodispersible films for treating and preventing iodine deficiency in the pediatric population. J Agric Food Chem. 2015 Nov 11;63(44):9831-8. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03953, PMID 26499787.

Luraghi A, Peri F, Moroni L. Electrospinning for drug delivery applications: a review. J Control Release. 2021 Jun 10;334:463-84. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.033, PMID 33781809.

Cilurzo F, Cupone IE, Minghetti P, Selmin F, Montanari L. Fast dissolving films made of maltodextrins. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2008 Nov;70(3):895-900. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.06.032, PMID 18667164.

Maniruzzaman M, Boateng JS, Snowden MJ, Douroumis D. A review of hot-melt extrusion: process technology to pharmaceutical products. ISRN Pharm. 2012;2012:436763. doi: 10.5402/2012/436763, PMID 23326686.

Pimparade MB, Vo A, Maurya AS, Bae J, Morott JT, Feng X. Development and evaluation of an oral fast disintegrating anti-allergic film using hot-melt extrusion technology. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2017 Oct;119:81-90. doi: 10.1016/ j.ejpb.2017.06.004, PMID 28596037.

Alomari M, Mohamed FH, Basit AW, Gaisford S. Personalised dosing: printing a dose of one’s own medicine. Int J Pharm. 2015 Oct 30;494(2):568-77. doi: 10.1016/ j.ijpharm.2014.12.006, PMID 25498157.

Jamroz W, Kurek M, Łyszczarz E, Szafraniec J, Knapik Kowalczuk J, Syrek K. 3D printed orodispersible films with aripiprazole. Int J Pharm. 2017 Nov 30;533(2):413-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.05.052, PMID 28552800.

Musazzi UM, Selmin F, Ortenzi MA, Mohammed GK, Franze S, Minghetti P, Cilurzo F. Personalized orodispersible films by hot melt ram extrusion 3D printing. Int J Pharm. 2018 Nov 15;551(1-2):52-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.09.013, PMID 30205128.

Sjöholm E, Sandler N. Additive manufacturing of personalized orodispersible warfarin films. Int J Pharm. 2019 Jun 10;564:117-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.04.018, PMID 30974195.

Khalid GM, Musazzi UM, Selmin F, Franze S, Minghetti P, Cilurzo F. Extemporaneous printing of diclofenac orodispersible films for pediatrics. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2021 Apr;47(4):636-44. doi: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1908335, PMID 33826438.

Myers GL, Hilbert SD, Boone BJ, Bogue AB, Sanghvi P, Hariharan M. Sublingual and buccal film compositions; 2013.

Niese S, Quodbach J. Formulation development of a continuously manufactured orodispersible film containing warfarin sodium for individualized dosing. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2019 Mar;136:93-101. doi: 10.1016/ j.ejpb.2019.01.011, PMID 30660692.

Schmitz C, Bauer M, Linn M. U-shaped oral thin film; 2019.

Wood R, Mao HQ, KEET C, Martin R. Orally dissolving thin films containing allergens and methods of making and use; 2013.

Daud AS, Bonde MN, Sapkal NP. Development of zingiber officinale in oral dissolving films: effect of polymers on in vitro, in vivo parameters and clinical efficacy. Asian J Pharm. 2011;5(3):183. doi: 10.4103/0973-8398.91995.

Nair AB, Kumria R, Harsha S, Attimarad M, Al-Dhubiab BE, Alhaider IA. In vitro techniques to evaluate buccal films. J Control Release. 2013 Feb 28;166(1):10-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.11.019, PMID 23219961.

Liew KB, Tan YT, Peh KK. Characterization of oral disintegrating film containing donepezil for Alzheimer disease. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2012 Mar;13(1):134-42. doi: 10.1208/s12249-011-9729-4, PMID 22167416.

Sievens Figueroa L, Bhakay A, Jerez Rozo JI, Pandya N, Romañach RJ, Michniak Kohn B, Iqbal Z, Bilgili E, Dave RN. Preparation and characterization of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose films containing stable BCS Class II drug nanoparticles for pharmaceutical applications. Int J Pharm. 2012 Feb 28;423(2):496-508. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.12.001, PMID 22178619.

Lakshmi PK, Sridharan A, Sreekanth J. Formulation development of fast releasing oral thin films of levocetrizine dihydrochloride with eudragit®epo and optimization through taguchi orthogonal experimental design. Asian J Pharm. 2011;5(2):84. doi: 10.4103/0973-8398.84548.

Gupta MS, Kumar TP. Characterization of orodispersible films: an overview of methods and introduction to a new disintegration test apparatus using LDR– LED sensors. J Pharm Sci. 2020 Oct;109(10):2925-42. doi: 10.1016/ j.xphs.2020.06.012, PMID 32565356.

Ahmed MG, Charyulu RN, Harish NM, Prabhu P. Formulation and in vitro evaluation of chitosan films containing tetracycline for the treatment of periodontitis. Asian J Pharm. 2009;3(2):113. doi: 10.4103/0973-8398.55048.

Hoffmann EM, Breitenbach A, Breitkreutz J. Advances in orodispersible films for drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2011 Mar;8(3):299-316. doi: 10.1517/17425247.2011.553217, PMID 21284577.

Yir Erong B, Bayor MT, Ayensu I, Gbedema SY, Boateng JS. Oral thin films as a remedy for noncompliance in pediatric and geriatric patients. Ther Deliv. 2019 Jul;10(7):443-64. doi: 10.4155/tde-2019-0032, PMID 31264527.

Senta Loys Z, Bourgeois S, Briançon S, Fessi H. Characterization and stability study of tetrabenazine loaded in orodispersible films for pediatric therapy. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2018;536(2):503-4. doi: 10.1016/ j.ijpharm.2017.08.029.

Gupta S, Kumar TP, Gowda DV. Patent perspective on orodispersible films. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. 2020;14(2):88-97. doi: 10.2174/1872211314666200904104022, PMID 32885766.

Published

07-09-2022

How to Cite

M. P., G., S. K., M., & GOWDA, D. V. (2022). QBD-BASED DEVELOPMENT OF ORODISPERSIBLE FILMS OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 14(5), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2022v14i5.45300

Issue

Section

Review Article(s)

Most read articles by the same author(s)