THE DEVELOPMENT FORMULATION OF ELEUTHERINE PALMIFOLIA EXTRACT-LOADED SELF NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (SNEDDS) USING D-OPTIMAL MIXTURE DESIGN APPROACH

RAHMI ANNISA; ROIHATUL MUTIAH; MOCHAMMAD YUWONO; ESTI HENDRADI

doi:10.22159/ijap.2023v15i5.47645

Authors

RAHMI ANNISA Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, Indonesia
ROIHATUL MUTIAH Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, Indonesia
MOCHAMMAD YUWONO Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
ESTI HENDRADI Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. Nanotechnology and Drug Delivery System Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2023v15i5.47645

Keywords:

D-optimal mixture design, E. palmifolia, Self-nano emulsifying, SNEDDS

Abstract

Objective: The develop a delivery system for extracting E. palmifolia as a model of medicinal ingredients in SNEDDS using a D-optimal design approach.

Methods: D-optimal mixture design optimizes E. palmifolia loaded SNEDDS by selecting SNEDDS composition as an independent factor (X) and characterizing SNEDDS as a response (Y). SNEDDS characterization in the optimal formula includes transmittance, emulsification time, pH, viscosity, particle size, and particle morphology. After obtaining one optimal formula, stability testing compares the initial characteristics (day one) with those of E. palmifolia-loaded SNEDDS.

Results: The SNEDDS was after storage for three months, namely day 30, day 60, and day 90. Miglyol 812, Tween 80, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 were selected as oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant phases because they had the highest ability to dissolve E. palmifolia extract. The formula design with the D-optimal mixture design approach formulated E. palmifolia loaded SNEDDS with Miglyol 812, Tween 80, and PEG 400 components at an oil concentration of 2.13%, surfactant 5.81%, and co-surfactant 2.06% with stable characteristics in the storage period of 3 mo. Transmittance results in 96.75-98.74%, emulsification time 19.21-22.77 seconds, pH 6.69–7.71, viscosity 43.97-45.99 (cP), particle size 19.14-22.19 nm, spherical particle morphology.

Conclusion: The optimal formula for SNEDDS extract of E. palmifolia using the D-optimal design approach has physical and chemical characteristics that follow the SNEDDS specifications that have been determined.

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