FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF EFFERVESCENT TABLET CONTAINING KAEMPFERIA GALANGA

TRI B. JULIANTI; MOHD. F. A. BAKAR; ERINDYAH R. WIKANTYASNING

doi:10.22159/ijap.2024v16s5.52464

Authors

TRI B. JULIANTI Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Campus-84600 Muar, Johor, Malaysia. Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur-75124, Indonesia
MOHD. F. A. BAKAR Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Kartasura, Sukoharjo-57162, Indonesia
ERINDYAH R. WIKANTYASNING Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Kartasura, Sukoharjo-57162, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-7322

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024v16s5.52464

Keywords:

Kaempferia galanga, Effervescent tablet, Simplex lattice design, Formulation, Optimisation

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to optimise the formulation of effervescent tablets using ethanolic extract of Kaempferia galanga with citric and tartaric acids as sources of acids and to assess the physical properties of the tablet.

Methods: Effervescent tablets were formulated through dry granulation method and evaluated for organoleptic properties, flowability, angle of repose, compressibility index, moisture, hardness, friability, dissolution time, pH, weight uniformity and size uniformity. Data for optimization were analysed using Design Expert software, version 13.0. Simplex lattice design optimisation was used, with two independent variables, namely, concentrations of citric and tartrate acids. The tablets were then characterised.

Results: All five effervescent tablet formulas met the requirements in terms of weight uniformity and size uniformity. Only F1, F2, F3 and F4 satisfied the requirements for friability. Physical evaluation indicated that the hardness and dissolution time of the effervescent tablets also met the requirements. The combination of tartaric and citric acids affected the hardness, friability, size uniformity and dissolving time of Kaempferia galanga extract effervescent tablets, resulting in positive values for friability and dissolving time response values and negative values for hardness and size uniformity.

Conclusion: The optimal concentrations of citric and tartaric acids in effervescent tablets were 9.5% and 17.5%, respectively, with a desirability value of 0.789. Furthermore, the optimum formula can be developed at a later stage for stability tests and in vivo assays.

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