EVALUATION OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF A 3-EXTRACT FORMULATION IN TOPICAL DOSAGE FORM AND ITS SAFETY ASPECT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9s2.13551Abstract
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the combination of extract of Rosmarinus officinalis leaves, Zingiber officinale rhizome, and Curcuma xanthorrhiza rhizome in
2 form topical preparations, cream, and ointment, through in situ study, as well as to evaluate safety aspect of both cream and ointment.
Methods: Irritation skin and eye test were performed according to OECD guideline. Rabbits were also used as an object of the in situ study. A suspension
of Trichophyton mentagrophytes was injected through the skin on both sides of rabbit's back to induce dermatophytosis. Throughout the treatment
period, topical preparation was applied to the infected site until the wound was fully recovered.
Results: There was no significant irritation effect on both topical dosage forms. However, an incidence of redness was observed in the skin applied
by cream. Healing rate of extract in ointment.
Conclusion: Combination of the corresponding extract showed antifungal activity and was comparable to that of ketoconazole as a reference drug.
Keywords: Rosmarinus officinalis leaves, Zingiber officinale rhizome, Curcuma xanthorrhiza rhizome, In situ, Irritation.
Downloads
References
REFERENCES
Budimulja U. Mycotic diseases in Indonesia. Kor J Med Mycol
;4(1):1-5.
Benedict K, Park BJ. Invasive fungal infections after natural disasters.
Emerg Infect Dis 2014;20(3):349-55.
Tawfik AA, Noaman I, El-Elsayyad H, El-Mashad N, Soliman M.
A study of the treatment of cutaneous fungal infection in animal model
using photoactivated composite of methylene blue and gold nanoparticle.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016. pii: S1572-1000(16):30083-7.
WHO. Quality Control Methods for Medicinal Plant Materials. Geneva:
WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data; 1998.
Power DA, Peggy JM. Manual of BBL Products and Laboratory
Procedures. 6
ed. New York: Becton Dickinson and Co.; 1988.
p. 226, 338.
th
OECD. Test No. 404: Acute Dermal Irritation/Corrosion, OECD
Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2002.
OECD. Test No. 405: Acute Eye Irritation/Corrosion, OECD Guideline
for the Testing of Chemicals. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2012.
Material Safety Data Sheet of Cetomacrogol 1000 according to 91/155/
EEC - ISO 11014-1. SDS No. 10366. Pharmaniaga; 2006. p. 1-4.
Elder RL. Final report on the safety assessment of cetearyl alcohol,
cetyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol.
J Am Coll Toxicol 1988;7(3):359-413.
Ishaaya I, Horowitz AR. In: Ishaaya I, Degheele D, editors. Insecticides
with Novel Modes of Action: An Overview, in Insecticides with
Novel Modes of Action. New Delhi: Narosa Publishing House; 1998.
p. 1-24.
Cojocaru SI, Stan M, Stoian G, Dinischiotu A. effects of Zingiber
officinale roscoe fresh extract on amelanotic melanoma and normal
skin fibroblasts. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2015;119(2):592-6.
Karna P, Chagani S, Gundala SR, Rida PC, Asif G, Sharma V,
et al. Benefits of whole ginger extract in prostate cancer. Br J Nutr
;107(04):473-84.
Wilson PB. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) as an analgesic and
Asian J Pharm Clin Res, Vol 9, Suppl. 2, 2016, 206-210
Sukandar et al.
ergogenic aid in sport: A systemic review. J Strength Cond Res
;29(10):2980-95.
Marx W, McKavanagh D, McCarthy AL, Bird R, Ried K, Chan A,
et al. The effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on platelet aggregation:
A systematic literature review. PLoS One 2015;10(10):e0141119.
Ebrahimzadeh Attari V, Ostadrahimi A, Asghari Jafarabadi M,
Mehralizadeh S, Mahluji S. Changes of serum adipocytokines and body
weight following Zingiber officinale supplementation in obese women:
A RCT. Eur J Nutr. 2015.
Li Y, Tran VH, Duke CC, Roufogalis BD. Gingerols of Zingiber
officinale enhance glucose uptake by increasing cell surface GLUT4 in
cultured L6 myotubes. Planta Med 2012;78(14):1549-55.
Kazeem MI, Akanji MA, Yakubu MT. Amelioration of pancreatic
and renal derangements in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
by polyphenol extracts of ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome.
Pathophysiology 2015;22(4):203-9.
Valera MC, Maekawa LE, Chung A, Cardoso FG, Oliveira LD,
Oliveira CL, et al. The effect of sodium hypochlorite and ginger extract
on microorganisms and endotoxins in endodontic treatment of infected
root canals. Gen Dent 2014;62(3):25-9.
Azizi A, Aghayan S, Zaker S, Shakeri M, Entezari N, Lawaf S. In vitro
effect of Zingiber officinale extract on growth of Streptococcus mutans
and Streptococcus sanguinis. Int J Dent 2015;2015:489842.
Frankel EN, Huang SW, Aeschbach R, Prior E. Antioxidant activity
of a rosemary extract and its constituents, carnosic acid, carnosol, and
rosmarinic acid, in bulk oil and oil-in-water emulsion. J Agric Food
Chem 1996;44(1):131-5.
Genena AK, Hense H, Smânia A Jr, Souza SM. Rosemary (Rosmarinus
officinalis): A study of the composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial
activities of extracts obtained with supercritical carbon dioxide. Food
Sci Technol (Campinas) 2008;28(2):463-9.
Kim AJ, Kim YO, Shim JS, Hwang JK. Immunostimulating activity
of crude polysaccharide extract isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza
Roxb. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2007;71(6):1428-38.
Rukayadi Y, Yong D, Hwang JK. In vitro anticandidal activity of
xanthorrhizol isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. J Antimicrob
Chemother 2006;57(6):1231-4.
Devaraj S, Esfahani AS, Ismail S, Ramanathan S, Yam MF. Evaluation
of the antinociceptive activity and acute oral toxicity of standardized
ethanolic extract of the rhizome of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.
Molecules 2010;15(4):2925-34.
Yasni S, Imaizumi K, Sugano M. Effects of an Indonesian medicinal
plant, Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb., on the levels of serum
glucose and triglyceride, fatty acid desaturation, and bile acid
excretion in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Agric Biol Chem
;55(12):3005-10.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
