EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA SEED EXTRACT ON THE VIABILITY OF CANDIDA GLABRATA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s1.AR197Keywords:
Candida glabrata, Nigella sativa, MTT assay, Optical density, ViabilityAbstract
Objective: Candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection of the oral cavity caused by a yeast-like fungus called Candida. Candida glabrata is the
second most frequently isolated species from this condition, after Candida albicans. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Nigella sativa (black
cumin), known to possess antifungal properties, on the viability of C. glabrata.
Methods: C. glabrata was added to a 96-microwell plate that was coated with artificial saliva and exposed to various concentrations (6.25%, 12.5%,
25%, and 50%) of N. sativa seed extract; amphotericin B (250 mg/mL) was used as the positive control and 200 μL of yeast nitrogen base medium as
the negative control. The viability percentage of C. glabrata was determined by MTT assay.
Results: The results showed that the viability values of C. glabrata were lower after exposure to the N. sativa seed extract when compared with the
negative control.
Conclusion: The viability of Candida glabrata was decreased with increasing concentrations of the extract.
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and Treatment. 10th ed. New Jersey: BC Decker Inc.; 2003. p. 94-101.
2. Meurman JH, Siikala E, Richardson M, Rautemaa R. Non-Candida
albicans Candida yeasts of the oral cavity. Formatex 2007;1:719-31.
3. Akpan A, Morgan R. Oral candidiasis. Postgrad Med J 2002;78:455-9.
4. Brooks G, Butel J, Mourse S, Adelber JM. Medical Microbiologi.
23th ed. New York: Connecticut Appleton and Lange; 2004. p. 645-7.
5. Luo G, Samaranayake LP. Candida glabrata, an emerging fungal
pathogen, exhibits superior relative cell surface hydrophobicity and
adhesion to denture acrylic surfaces compared with Candida albicans.
APMIS 2002;110:601-10.
6. Fidel PL Jr., Vazquez JA, Sobel JD. Candida glabrata: Review of
epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical disease with comparison to
C. albicans. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999;12:80-96.
7. Arzumanyan VG, Semenov BF. Drug sensitivity of Candida yeast
isolated from patients with allergic diseases. Bull Exp Biol Med
2001;131:346.
8. Tscherner M, Schwarzmüller T, Kuchler K. Pathogenesis and antifungal
drug resistance of the human fungal pathogen Candida glabrata.
Pharmaceuticals 2011;4:169-86.
9. Kuriyama T, Williams DW, Bagg J, Coulter WA, Ready D, Lewis MA.
In vitro susceptibility of oral Candida to seven antifungal agents. Oral
Microbiol Immunol 2005;20:349-53.
10. Yang YL, Li SY, Cheng HH, Lo HJ. Susceptibilities to amphotericin B
and fluconazole of Candida species in TSARY 2002. Diagn Microbiol
Infect Dis 2005;51:179-83.
11. Ganiswarna SG, editor. Farmakologi dan Terapi. 4th ed. Jakarta: Gaya
Baru; 2000.
12. Herman MJ. Antijamur sistemik. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran 1996;108:37-44.
13. Salem ML. Immunomodulatory and therapeutic properties of the
Nigella sativa L. Seed. Int Immunopharmacol 2005;5:1749-70.
14. Junaedi IE, Yulianti IS, Suty DS, Kuncari SS. Kedahsyatan Habbatussauda
Mengobati Berbagai Penyakit. Jakarta: Agromedia Pustaka; 2011. p. 9-11.
15. Mashhadian NV, Rakhshandeh H. Antibacterial and antifungal effect of
Nigella sativa extracts against S. aureus, P. Aeroginosa and C. albicans.
Pak J Med Sci 2005;21:47-52.
16. Raval BP, Shah TG, Suthar MP, Ganure AL. Screening of Nigella sativa
seeds for antifungal activity. Ann Biol Res 2010;1:164-71.
17. Haloci E, Manfredini S, Toska V, Vertuani S, Topi PZ, Kolani H.
Antibacterial and antifungal activity assessment of Nigella sativa
essential oils. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 2012;66:1198-200.
18. Nehar S, Rani P. HPTLC studies on ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa
Linn. seeds and its phytochemical standardization. Ecoscan 2011;1:105-8.
19. Aljabre SM, Randhawa MA, Alakloby OM, Alzahrani AJ.
Thymoquinone inhibits germination of dermatophyte arthrospores.
Saudi Med J 2009;30:443-5.
20. Akhtar N, Alakloby OM, Aljabre SH, Alqurashi AR, Randhawa MA.
Comparison of antifungal activity of thymoquinone and amphotericin
B against Fusarium solani in-vitro. Sci J King Faisal Uni (Basic Appl
Sci) 2007;8:137-45.
21. Pinto E, Pina-Vaz C, Salgueiro L, Gonçalves MJ, Costa-de-Oliveira S,
Cavaleiro C, et al. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of thymus
pulegioides on Candida, Aspergillus and Dermatophyte species. J Med
Microbiol 2006;55:1367-73.
22. Ahmad A, Khan A, Akhtar F, Yousuf S, Xess I, Khan LA, et al.
Fungicidal activity of thymol and carvacrol by disrupting ergosterol
biosynthesis and membrane integrity against Candida. Eur J Clin
Microbiol Infect Dis 2011;30:41-50.
23. Bourne HR, James MP. Drug receptors and pharmacodynamics. In:
Basic and Clinica Pharmacology. 3rd ed. Connecticut: Appleton and
Lange; 1987. p. 10.
24. Harzallah HJ, Noumi E, Bekir K, Bakhrouf A, Mahjoub T. Chemical
composition, antibacterial and antifungal properties of Tunisian Nigella
sativa fixed oil. Afr J Microbiol Res 2012;6:4675-9.
25. Elvas AR. Effects of Dyes on Candida spp. Viability. Ciências da Saúde
Effects: Universidade da Beira Interior; 2011.
