THE EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA (BLACK CUMIN) SEED EXTRACT ON CANDIDA ALBICANS VIABILITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s1.199Keywords:
Nigella sativa, Candida albicans, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Viability, Optical densityAbstract
Objective: Nigella sativa has antifungal effects against Candida albicans. The antifungal activity of N. sativa is due to the components of thymoquinone,
thymol, and carvacrol. Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection of the human oral cavity typically caused by the infection of C. albicans.
The aim of this study was to assess the antifungal effectiveness of N. sativa seed extract (SE) on the viability of C. albicans.
Methods: C. albicans was added to the wells of 96-well microtiter plates that were coated with artificial saliva and exposed to N. sativa SE at
concentrations of 6.25%–50% or 1 μl of amphotericin B (250 mg/μl) as a positive control. The viability of C. albicans was determined with the
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.
Results: The optical density of C. albicans incrementally decreased on exposure to increasing concentrations of N. sativa SE.
Conclusion: N. sativa SE concentration is inversely correlated to the viability of C. albicans.
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Erlandsen J, et al. Oropharyngeal candidiasis in the era of antiretroviral
therapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;
109:488-95.
3. Sangeorzan JA, Bradley SF, He X, Zarins LT, Ridenour GL,
Tiballi RN, et al. Epidemiology of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected
patients: Colonization, infection, treatment, and emergence of
fluconazole resistance. Am J Med 1994;97:339-46.
4. Statistik Kasus HIV/AIDS di Indonesia Dilapor. Sumber: Ditjen; 2012.
PP and PL Kemenkes RI. Available from: http://www.spiritia.or.id/
Stats/StatCurr.pdf. [Last accessed on 2012 Dec 20].
5. Anggita I. Karakteristik Pasien HIV/AIDS Dengan Kandidiasis
Orofaringeal di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Universitas Diponegoro;
2011. p. 2-6.
6. Rahayu RP, Widiyanti P, Arfijanto M. Genetic variability of Candida
albicans in HIV/AIDS patient with and without ARV Therapy and non
HIV/AIDS. Dent J (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 2012;2012:45.
7. Webb BC, Thomas CJ, Willcox MD, Harty DW, Knox KW. Candidaassociated
denture stomatitis. Aetiology and management: A review.
Part 3. Treatment of oral candidosis. Aust Dent J 1998;43:244-9.
8. Hood S, Evans J, Bond J, Wilkins E, Denning D. The treatment
of oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-infected patients with oral
amphotericin B suspension. AIDS Patient Care STDS 1998;12:625-7.
10. Herlina W. Jintan Hitam Menyembuhkan Segala Penyakit kecuali
Kematian. 1st ed. Yogyakarta: Media Pressindo; 2012. p. 38-40.
11. Randhawa MA. Black seed, Nigella sativa, deserves more attention.
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2008;20:1-2.
12. Sylvester PW. Optimization of the tetrazolium dye (MTT) colorimetric
assay for cellular growth and viability. Methods Mol Biol 2011;
716:157?68.
13. Zhao K, Cheng XR, Gao Y, Han GL. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation
of comfort denture adhesive. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi
2004;22:162-4.
15. Al-Jabre S, Al Akloby OM, Al Qurashi AR. Thymoquinone, an active
principle of Nigella sativa, inhibited Aspergillus niger. Pak J Med Res 2003;
6:42.
16. Harzallah HJ, Grayaa R, Kharoubi W, Maaloul A, Hammami M,
Mahjoub T, et al. Thymoquinone, the Nigella sativa bioactive compound,
prevents circulatory oxidative stress caused by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine
in erythrocyte during colon postinitiation carcinogenesis. Oxid Med
Cell Longev 2012;2012:854065.
17. Windi AN. Combination effect of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia)
with extract of Nigella sativa on Candida albicans in vitro [Efek
kombinasi tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) dengan ekstrak biji jinten
hitam (Nigella sativa) terhadap Candida albicans in vitro]. Universitas
Sebelas Maret 2010;5:9-12.
18. Mengenal Antiseptik. Available from: http://www.majalahkesehatan.
com/mengenal-antiseptik. [Last accessed on 2012 Jan 10].
19. MTT Cell Ploriferation Assay. American Type Culture Collection.
Available from: http://www.atcc.org/attachments/2273.pdf. [Last
accessed on 2012 Jan 10].
20. van Meerloo J, Kaspers GJ, Cloos J. Cell sensitivity assays: The MTT
assay. Methods Mol Biol 2011;731:237-45.
22. Silva MP, Chibebe Junior J, Jorjão AL, Machado AK, Oliveira LD,
Junqueira JC, et al. Influence of artificial saliva in biofilm formation of
Candida albicans in vitro. Braz Oral Res 2012;26:24-8.
23. Paryanto I, Srijanto B. Extract of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb in
percolation with ethanol [Kurkominoid dari Temulawak secara
Perkolasi dengan Pelarut Etanol]. J Kefarmasian Indon 2006;4:74-7.
24. Sjahid LR. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Flavonoid dari Daun Dewandaru
(Eugonia unifora). Surakata: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakata;
2008. p. 7-10.
25. Mukherjee PK, Chandra J, Kuhn DM, Ghannoum MA. Differential
expression of Candida albicans phospholipase B (PLB1) under
various environmental and physiological conditions. Microbiology
2003;149:261-7.
26. Martin NC, Pirie AA, Ford LV, Callaghan CL, McTurk K, Lucy D,
et al. The use of phosphate buffered saline for the recovery of cells and
spermatozoa from swabs. Sci Justice 2006;46:179-84.
27. Wang X, Ge J, Wang K, Qian J, Zou Y. Evaluation of MTT assay for
measurement of emodin-induced cytotoxicity. Assay Drug Dev Technol
2006;4:203-7.
Published
05-04-2019
How to Cite
DARMAWAN, W., FARIDA, R., & REDJEKI, S. (2019). THE EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA (BLACK CUMIN) SEED EXTRACT ON CANDIDA ALBICANS VIABILITY. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 11(1), 88–91. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s1.199
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