HISTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION ON ARCHIDENDRON BUBALINUM (JACK) NIELSEN.) FROM LAMPUNG, SUMATERA, INDONESIA

Abstract

Objective: This study was to describe the histochemical and morpho-anatomical of kabau seeds originating from Lampung, Sumatra Indonesia.

Methods: Microscopic anatomical analysis of kabau seeds was carried out on the parts of kabau seeds with an incision as thick as 100 μm. The sample was placed on a glass object and aquadest, glycerin and choral hydrate were added and then covered with a glass cover, then observed under the light microscope equipped with digital camera, and analysis using the S-Viewer program. Histochemical tests are carried out with cross sections, which are colored with the following: Lugol iodine solution; ferric chloride; dragendr of; ninhydrin; K₂Cr₂O₇.

Results: Macroscopic characteristics, neatly arranged cylindrical kabau seeds consisting of five to six seeds on each pod. Yellowish-white kabau seeds are covered in a black seed coat, have a distinctive odor like jengkol or jering, have a slightly bittersweetness and a soft texture. The size of kabau seeds is 2 cm in length and 1.5 cm in diameter. Microscopic results on kabau seeds, an incision in choral hydrate showed visible parts of the epicarpium, pericarpium contained oil sacs and cell nuclei, and endosperm in each part of the sac contained starch grains and oil sac bags that gave off odors to the head, incisions in the drops of aqua dest almost the same as choral hydrate except that the starch grains are more clearly visible and an average diameter of 5,176 μm starch can be calculated.

Conclusion: Histochemical reaction in the Kabau seed incision gave positive results on tannins in the endosperm, positive results for amino acids in the endosperm of purple rice, positive for alkaloids in the epicardium and pericarpium parts; black color throughout the epicardium, pericarpium and endosperm indicates a lot of starch is contained; and there are polyphenols in the endosperm oil sac.