ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE EFFECTS OF AN ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF THE HYDRO-ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SYNEDRELLA NODIFLORA (L) GAERTN

PATRICK AMOATENG; EMELIA OPPONG BEKOE; SETH KWABENA AMPONSAH; REGINA APPIAH-OPONG; DORCAS OSEI-SAFO; BENOIT BANGA N’GUESSAN; M. V. N. L. CHAITANYA; RAMAN RAJESHKUMAR; S. P. DHANABAL

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2020v12i11.39301

Authors

PATRICK AMOATENG Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana
EMELIA OPPONG BEKOE Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana
SETH KWABENA AMPONSAH Department of Medical Pharmacology, UG Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana
REGINA APPIAH-OPONG Department of Clinical Pathology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana
DORCAS OSEI-SAFO Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 56, Legon, Accra, Ghana
BENOIT BANGA N’GUESSAN Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana
M. V. N. L. CHAITANYA Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytopharmacy, JSS College of Pharmacy (A constituent College of JSS University, Mysore), Rock lands, Ootacamund 643001, Tamilnadu, India
RAMAN RAJESHKUMAR Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy (A constituent College of JSS University, Mysore), Rock lands, Ootacamund 643001, Tamilnadu, India
S. P. DHANABAL Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytopharmacy, JSS College of Pharmacy (A constituent College of JSS University, Mysore), Rock lands, Ootacamund 643001, Tamilnadu, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2020v12i11.39301

Keywords:

Synedrella nodiflora, Antioxidant, Anti-proliferative, Ethyl acetate fraction, Cancer

Abstract

Objective: Synedrella nodiflora is traditionally used in the treatment of several ailments. Pharmacologically, this plant has anticonvulsant, sedative, anti-nociceptive and anti-proliferative effects. This study further investigated S. nodiflora for its antioxidant and in vitro inhibition of cancerous cell lines.

Methods: Phytochemical assays, and the DPPH radical scavenging method were employed in preliminary screening for antioxidant activities of the crude hydro-ethanolic extract (SNE) and resulting fractions. The potent ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), was further investigated for total phenol and flavonoid contents, reducing power, lipid peroxidation potential, and cytotoxic effects on human breast cancer (MCF-7), leukemic (Jurkat), and normal liver (Chang’s liver) cell lines.

Results: The extract contained phenols, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, sterols, terpenoids, and alkaloids. It scavenged for DPPH with an IC₅₀ of 114 µg/ml, whereas that of EAF was 8.9 µg/ml. EAF prevented peroxidation of egg lecithin at an IC₅₀of 24.01±0.08 µg/ml. These IC_50s are four and three times lower than the reference standards. EAF produced anti-proliferative effects against MCF-7, and Jurkat cell lines with IC_50s of 205.2 and 170.9 µg/ml, respectively. EAF had a high IC₅₀of 252.2 µg/ml against Chang’s liver cells. At 0.1 mg/ml EAF had similar total flavonoid content to SNE, but a significantly higher total phenol content.

Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of S. nodiflora, exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity. It inhibited the proliferation of breast and leukemic cancer cell lines, whiles having weak cytotoxic effect on normal liver cells. These can be explored for further drug development.

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