HERBAL INTERVENTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS: BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS, PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2026v18i7.58920Keywords:
Medicinal plants, Flavonoids, Phytochemical, Anti-hypertensive, Cardioprotective agents, AtherosclerosisAbstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a major global source of morbidity and mortality, posing a serious threat to public health. Herbal therapies have received more attention in recent years as complementary and alternative therapeutic techniques for the management and prevention of cardiovascular disorders. Numerous bioactive substances found in medicinal plants, including flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic acids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and glycosides, have important cardioprotective qualities. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, hypolipidemic, antithrombotic, and vasodilatory properties are among the pharmacological actions of these phytoconstituents. Numerous herbal plants have been extensively researched for their positive effects on cardiovascular health, including Cissus quadrangularis, Terminalia arjuna, Allium sativum, Camellia sinensis, and Curcuma longa. Quercetin, catechins, allicin, curcumin, and triterpenoids are among the substances that are essential for lowering oxidative stress, controlling lipid metabolism, enhancing endothelial function, and stopping platelet aggregation. Major CVDs like hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure are prevented in part by these systems. Furthermore, compared to traditional synthetic medications, herbal remedies frequently have fewer adverse effects and better patient compliance. To ensure safety, effectiveness, and quality control, more carefully planned clinical trials and standardization of herbal formulations are necessary, notwithstanding encouraging experimental and clinical findings. Thus, the investigation of herbal bioactive components offers a significant chance for the creation of innovative cardioprotective drugs and integrated therapeutic approaches in the treatment of CVDs. This review includes 50 medicinal plants with activities against various CVS disorders such as Hypertension, Atherosclerosis and Heart failure.Plant species were chosen on the basis of availability of pharmacological evidence on cardiovascular activity, and citation in ethno medicinal sources.
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