FACTOR PROMOTING WOUND HEALING: RADICAL SCAVENGING AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY AND GROWTH FACTOR PROMOTION OF HELIOTROPIUM INDICUM

NAKUNTWALAI WISIDSRI; SURADWADEE THUNGMUNGMEE; WARACHATE KHOBJAI

doi:10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s5.T0044

Authors

NAKUNTWALAI WISIDSRI Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12130, Thailand.
SURADWADEE THUNGMUNGMEE Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12130, Thailand
WARACHATE KHOBJAI Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12130, Thailand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s5.T0044

Keywords:

Heliotropium indicum, Wound healing, Radical scavenging, Anti-inflammatory, Growth factors

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of the Heliotropium indicum extract (HIE) on factor promoting wound healing in radical scavenging
and inflammatory activity and growth factor promotion.
Methods: The radical scavenging capacity of HIE was evaluated by scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals.
Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory of HIE was determined in a cellular model. RAW264.7 macrophage cells were treated with various concentrations
of HIE before activating the treated cell with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The nitrite concentration of activated macrophage was determined by the Griess
reagent kit. The cell viability of RAW264.7 was evaluated by resazurin reduction assay as well as NIH3T3 fibroblast cells. In addition, production of the
growth factors (transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β] and basic fibroblast growth factor [bFGF]) of fibroblast was determined by Elisa kit.
Results: HIE exhibited radical scavenging activity in the DPPH and NO radicals with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 0.22 mg/ml and
0.52 mg/ml, respectively. In a cellular study, HIE inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated macrophage without cytotoxic effect to the cells with IC50
at 87 μg/ml. Furthermore, HIE promoted fibroblast cell viability at 72 h of treatment and, TGF-β and bFGF production at 24 h of treatment.
Conclusion: These results obtained in this study suggested that HIE promoted the factors which involved in wound healing processes, including antiinflammatory
effect with scavenged radical forming and inhibited activated-macrophage. Furthermore, HIE also stimulated growth factor production
in fibroblast. These finding supported using traditional and folk medicine of H. indicum in wound treatment.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Gonzalez AC, Costa TF, Andrade ZA, Medrado AR. Wound healing – A
literature review. An Bras Dermatol 2016;91:614-20.
2. Krzyszczyk P, Schloss R, Palmer A, Berthiaume F. The role of
macrophages in acute and chronic wound healing and interventions to
promote pro-wound healing phenotypes. Front Physiol 2018;9:419.
3. Frykberg RG, Banks J. Challenges in the treatment of chronic wounds.
Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2015;4:560-82.
4. Saqib U, Sarkar S, Suk K, Mohammad O, Baig MS, Savai R.
Phytochemicals as modulators of M1-M2 macrophages in inflammation.
Oncotarget 2018;9:17937-50.
5. Muthusubramaniam L, Zaitseva T, Paukshto M, Martin G, Desai T.
Effect of collagen nanotopography on keloid fibroblast proliferation
and matrix synthesis: Implications for dermal wound healing. Tissue
Eng Part A 2014;20:2728-36.
6. Faler BJ, Macsata RA, Plummer D, Mishra L, Sidawy AN. Transforming
growth factor-beta and wound healing. Perspect Vasc Surg Endovasc
Ther 2006;18:55-62.
7. Tang QL, Han SS, Feng J, Di JQ, Qin WX, Fu J, et al. Moist exposed
burn ointment promotes cutaneous excisional wound healing in rats
involving VEGF and bFGF. Mol Med Rep 2014;9:1277-82.
8. André-Lévigne D, Modarressi A, Pepper MS, Pittet-Cuénod B. Reactive
oxygen species and NOX enzymes are emerging as key players in
cutaneous wound repair. Int J Mol Sci 2017;18:E2149.
9. Sindrilaru A, Peters T, Wieschalka S, Baican C, Baican A, Peter H, et al.
An unrestrained proinflammatory M1 macrophage population induced
by iron impairs wound healing in humans and mice. J Clin Invest
2011;121:985-97.
10. Barrientos S, Stojadinovic O, Golinko MS, Brem H, Tomic-Canic M.
Growth factors and cytokines in wound healing. Wound Repair Regen
2008;16:585-601.
11. Dash GK, Abdullah MS. A review on Heliotropium indicim L.
(BORAGINACEAE). Int J Pharm Sci Res 2013;4:1253-8.
12. Dash GK, Murthy PN. Studies on wound healing activity
of Heliotropium indicum Linn. leaves on rats. ISRN Pharmacol
2011;2011:847980.
13. Ayisha SA, Baskaran K. Wound healing potential of ethanolic leaf
extract of Heliotropium indicum on excision wound model in diabetic
rats. Int J Pharm 2016;7:155-8.
14. Koh TJ, DiPietro LA. Inflammation and wound healing: The role of the
macrophage. Expert Rev Mol Med 2011;13:e23.
15. Gensel JC, Zhang B. Macrophage activation and its role in repair and
pathology after spinal cord injury. Brain Res 2015;1619:1-11.
16. Miao MY, Niu YW, Xie T, Yuan B, Qing C, Lu SL. Diabetes-impaired
wound healing and altered macrophage activation: A possible
pathophysiologic correlation. Wound Repair Regen 2012;20:203-13.
17. Geethalakshmi R, Sakravarthi C, Kritika T, Arul
Kirubakaran M, Sarada DV. Evaluation of antioxidant and wound
healing potentials of Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Burm.f. Biomed Res
Int 2013;2013:607109.
18. Redza-Dutordoir M, Averill-Bates DA. Activation of apoptosis
signalling pathways by reactive oxygen species. Biochim Biophys Acta
2016;1863:2977-92.
19. Zhao RL, Liang HL, Clarke E, Jackson C, Xue ML. Inflammation in
chronic wounds. Int J Mol Sci 2016;17:E2085.
20. Bannon P, Wood S, Restivo T, Campbell L, Hardman MJ, Mace KA.
Diabetes induces stable intrinsic changes to myeloid cells that contribute
to chronic inflammation durin g wound healing in mice. Dis Model
Mech 2013;6:1434-47.
21. Lin YW, Liu PS, Pook KA, Wei LN. Glyburide and retinoic acid
synergize to promote wound healing by anti-inflammation and RIP140
degradation. Sci Rep 2018;8:834.
22. Landén NX, Li DQ, Ståhle M. Transition from inflammation to
proliferation: A critical step during wound healing. Cell Mol Life Sci
2016;73:3861-85.
23. Hormozi M, Assaei R, Boroujeni MB. The effect of Aloe vera on the
expression of wound healing factors (TGF?1 and bFGF) in mouse
embryonic fibroblast cell: In vitro study. Biomed Pharmacother
2017;88:610-6.
24. Chen XN, Wang MY, Xu XH, Liu ZJ, Mei B, Fu PP, et al.
Panax ginseng total protein promotes proliferation and secretion of
collagen in NIH/3T3 cells by activating extracellular signal-related
kinase pathway. J Ginseng Res 2017;41:411-8.
25. Li C, Gotlieb AI. Transforming growth factor-? regulates the growth of
valve interstitial cells in vitro. Am J Pathol 2011;179:1746-55.
26. Weber TJ, Shankaran H, Wiley HS, Opresko LK, Chrisler WB,
Quesenberry RD. Basic fibroblast growth factor regulates persistent
ERK oscillations in premalignant but not malignant JB6 cells. J Invest
Dermatol 2010;130:1444-56.