SILVER NANOPARTICLES INHIBIT INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS VIRUS REPLICATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2023v15i6.48963Keywords:
Silver nanoparticles, Antiviral activity, Infectious bronchitis virus, IBV genomes, CoronavirusesAbstract
Objective: Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) threatens the poultry industry and causes global economic losses. The IBV is highly variable. Thus, no effective drugs are available. Objective of the present study was to evaluate silver nanoparticles against it as an antiviral agent.
Methods: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been evaluated as antivirals against IBV. P. betle leaf extract biosynthesizes AgNPs from silver nitrate. UV/vis absorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been used to characterize AgNPs. TEM indicated particle sizes of 5–30 nm, and XRD demonstrated their characteristic AgNPs structure. The antiviral activity of AgNPs was measured by the log embryo infective dose 50 (logEID50)/ml and the number of IBV genome copies.
Results: XRD analysis showed a structure for AgNPs, and transmission electron microscopy showed a size of 5–30 nm for AgNPs. AgNPs at a noncytotoxic concentration inhibit the interaction between the virus and the cell, preventing the virus from entering the cell and reducing the number of IBV genome copies (per µl) in ovo by preventing the formation of the IBV RNA genome, resulting in a significant reduction in the IBV titer.
Conclusion: AgNPs possess antiviral properties that inhibit IBV replication in ovo. The findings indicate that AgNPs are a promising drug candidate for treating or preventing IBV infection.
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