ACUTE TOXICITY EVALUATION OF CURCUMA DOMESTICA VAHL. RHIZOME VCO CURCUMINOID EXTRACT

TASYA ARDANA; YUANDANI; DENNY SATRIA; EFFENDY DE LUX PUTRA; MAHATIR MUHAMMAD; ROSIDAH

doi:10.22159/ijap.2024v16s4.52268

Authors

TASYA ARDANA Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Tri Darma No https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5501-2580
YUANDANI Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Tri Darma No.
DENNY SATRIA Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Tri Darma No.
EFFENDY DE LUX PUTRA Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Tri Darma No.
MAHATIR MUHAMMAD Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Tri Darma No.
ROSIDAH Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Tri Darma No.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024v16s4.52268

Keywords:

Curcuminoid, Curcuma domestica, Toxicity, Acute

Abstract

Objective: Recently, Curcuma domestica has been reported to have various pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifungal activities. The current study was conducted to evaluate the safety of C. domestica VCO Curcuminoid extract in short term and determine its curcumin content.

Methods: Turmeric extract in VCO was prepared using a Microwave Assisted Extract (MAE) method, acute toxicity tests were carried out using 15 female mice divided into 5 preliminary test groups with 5, 50, 300, 1000, 2000 mg/KgBW doses. Furthermore, 10 female mice divided into 2 groups with 1000, 2000 mg/Kg BW doses as the main test. At the end of the experiments, the blood hematology, blood clinical biochemistry, and histopathology examination were performed.

Results: Turmeric rhizome curcuminoid VCO extract at the dose of 2000 mg/Kg BW indicated signs of toxic symptoms, including diarrhea, changes in fur and skin and walking on the stomach. There are significant difference among the data of blood biochemistry and blood hematology of the CMC-Na group, with extract at the doses of 1000 mg/KgBW.

Conclusion: It can be inferred that the turmeric rhizome VCO curcuminoid extract induces acute toxicity at a dose of 2000 mg/KgBW.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Winarsih W, Wientarsih I, Sulistyawati NP, Wahyudina I. Acute toxicity Test of turmeric rhizome extract in mice: histopathological study of stomach, liver and kidney. Vet J. 2012;13(4):402-9.

Hasimun P, Mulyani Y, Sulaeman A, Embas Sara DA. Prevention of hypertension and arterial stiffness by the combination of Centella asiatica and Curcuma longa in rats. Asian J Biol Sci. 2019;12(2):173-9. doi: 10.3923/ajbs.2019.173.179.

Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M. Heart disease and stroke statistics–2015 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015;131(4):e29-e322. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000152, PMID 25520374.

Martins RM, Pereira SV, Siqueira S, Salomao WF, Freitas LA. Curcuminoid content and antioxidant activity in spray dried microparticles containing turmeric extract. Food Res Int. 2013;50(2):657-63. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.06.030.

Perko T, Ravber M, Knez Z, Skerget M. Isolation, characterization and formulation of curcuminoids and in vitro release study of the encapsulated particles. J Supercrit Fluids. 2015;103:48-54. doi: 10.1016/j.supflu.2015.04.023.

Mukerjee A, Vishwanatha JK. Formulation, characterization and evaluation of curcumin-loaded PLGA nanospheres for cancer therapy. Anticancer Res. 2009;29(10):3867-75. PMID 19846921.

Chen Y, Chen JW, Wang Y, Xu SS, Li X. Six cytotoxic annonaceous acetogenins from Annona squamosa seeds. Food Chem. 2012;135(3):960-6. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.05.041, PMID 22953811.

Welasih T, Nurhapsari. Pembuatan virgin coconut oil (VCO) dengan menggunakan metode sentrifugasi [tesis]. Surabaya: Fakultas Teknologi Industri UPN Veteran Surabaya; 2009.

Intahphuak S, Khonsung P, Panthong A. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities of virgin coconut oil. Pharm Biol. 2010;48(2):151-7. doi: 10.3109/13880200903062614, PMID 20645831.

Porwal M, Khan NA, Maheshwari KK. Evaluation of acute and sub-acute oral toxicity induced by ethanol extract of marsdenia tenacissima leave in experimental rats. Sci Pharm. 2017 Aug 21;85(3):29. doi: 10.3390/scipharm85030029, PMCID: PMC5620517.

BPOM RI. Persyaratan mutu obat tradisional. Indonesia: peraturan kepala badan pengawas obat dan makanan republik Indonesia; 2014. p. 1-25.

Kemenkes RI. Data dan Informasi Kesehatan Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2016; 2017.

Vera E, Silalahi J, Sumaiyah. Test of the turmeric VCO extract cream formula from turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma domestica Val.) against inhibition of melanoma cell development; 2021.

Suharsanti R, Astutiningsih C, Susilowati ND. Curcumin levels of turmeric (Curcuma domestica) rhizome extract using TLC densitometry with different extraction methods. Wiyata J. 2020;7(2).

Yani M, Patonah H, Siti N. Subchronic toxicity of curcuma longa (Turmeric) rhizoma extract on rats. Bhakti Kencana University. Vo; 2022. p. 111-2.

BPOM RI. Peraturan kepala badan pengawas obat dan makanan republik Indonesia nomor 7 tahun 2014 tentang pedoman uji toksisitas nonklinik secara in vivo. Jakarta: Badan pengawas obat makanan RI. Hal. 2014;3-4(9):11-2, 24-32.

Wirasuta, Niruni. Toksikologi Umum. Bandung: Universitas Udayana; 2006.

Gupta D, Bhardwaj S. Study of acute, subacute and chronic toxicity test. Int J Adv Res Pharm Bio Sci. 2012;1(2):103-10.

OECD. Organization for economic cooperation and development guidelines for the testung of chemicals. Hal; 2008. p. 1-13.

Priyanto. Toksikologi mekanisme, terapi antidotum, dan penilaian resiko. Jakarta: lembaga Studi dan Konsultasi Farmakologi Indonesia (LESKONFI). Hal; 2009:1-28, 87-32.

BPOM RI. Peraturan kepala badan pengawas obat dan makanan republik Indonesia nomor 10 tahun 2022 tentang pedoman uji toksisitas praklinik secara in vivo. Jakarta: Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan. Hal; 2022. p. 32-8.

Lu F, C Toksikologi Dasar. Asas, Organ Sasaran, dan Penilaian Resiko. Terjemahan dari basic toxicology: fundamentals, target organs, risk assessment, oleh nugroho, E. Bustami, ZS dan Darmansyah, I Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press; 1995.

Lailatul NF, Diana LY, Mudjiwijoni H. Efek pemberian asam alfa lipoat terhadap kadar MDA dan gambaran histologi pada hati tikus model diabetes melitus tipe I. J Kedokteran Brawijaya. 2015;28(3):170-7.

Mc Gavin MD, Zachary. Pathologic basic of veterinary disease J. F. Mosby Incorporation; 2007.

Lidya RG, DKK. Gambaran makroskopik dan mikroskopik limpa pada hewan coba postmortem. Manado: Jurnal e-Biomedik; 2017.

Ali AS dkk. (20130. Jumlah eritrosit, Kadar hemoglobin, dan hematokrit pada berbagai jenis itik local terhadap penambahan probiotik dalam ransum. J Ilmiah Peternakan. 2013;1(3):1001-13.

Hendriani R. Uji Toksisitas subkronis kombinasi ekstrak etanol buah mengkudu (Morinda citrofolia linn.) dan rimpang jahe gajah (Zingiber offinale rosc.) pada tikus wistar. Karya Ilmiah yang Tidak dipublikasikan. Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Padjajaran; 2007.

Junquera IE, Carneiro J, Kelley RO. Basic histology text and atlas, 14th editor. New York: McGraw-Hill. Hal; 2016;351-63;393-407.