ISOLATION AND DETERMINATION CARPAINE ALKALOID IN PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L.) LEAF EXTRACT BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY SCANNER

YASMIWAR SUSILAWATI; NYI MEKAR SAPTARINI; ZELIKA MEGA RAMADHANIA; ELI HALIMAH; NAILAH NURJIHAN ULFAH

doi:10.22159/ijap.2021.v13s4.43867

Authors

YASMIWAR SUSILAWATI Herbal Study Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia, Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
NYI MEKAR SAPTARINI Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
ZELIKA MEGA RAMADHANIA Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
ELI HALIMAH Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
NAILAH NURJIHAN ULFAH Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2021.v13s4.43867

Keywords:

Carica papaya, Papaya leaf, Carpaine alkaloid, Validation method, TLC scanner

Abstract

Objective: This research was conducted to isolate the alkaloid carpaine by chromatography method and to determine it quantitatively by Thin Layer Chromatography Scanner.

Methods: Dried leaves were macerated with ethanol 70% and fractionated with dichloromethane. Isolation of carpaine alkaloid from the dichloromethane fraction was carried out by column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography according to the R_f value in Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) after exposure by Dragendorff reagent.

Results: The content of carpaine alkaloid was 7.5 mg with R_f 0.58 and dichloromethane: methanol (9.2:0.8) as eluent. Validation showed the linearity (R²) 0.9988, the limit of detection(LOD) was 0.05 ppm, the Limit of Quantification (LOQ) was 0.19 ppm, the recovery from 98.93-102.43%, and the % coefficient of variation was 0.16%.

Conclusion: Carpaine alkaloid in papaya leaf extract was 10.52%.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bhadane V, Belemker S, Mali B. The nature’s potential multipurpose Gift-Papaya (Carica papaya linn.): A complete overview. AJPRD. 2014;2(1):75-82.

Kovendan K, Murugan K, Panneerselvam C, Aarthi N, Kumar PM, Subramaniam J, Amerasan D, Kalimuthu K, Vincent S. Antimalarial activity of Carica papaya (Family: Caricaceae) leaf extract against Plasmodium falciparum. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2012;2:S306-11. doi: 10.1016/S2222-1808(12)60171-6.

Chima N. Antifungal potencies of leaf extracts of Carica papaya on fungi implicated in soft rot of yam. Ann Food Sci Technol. 2012;13(2):202-9.

Khaled R, Meng-Ting L, Lin-Tao Z, Yong-Tang Z. Phytochemical screening of the polar extracts of Carica papaya Linn. and the evaluation of their anti-HIV-1 activity. JAIS. 2013;1(3):49-53.

Juarez-Rojop IE, Diaz-Zagoya JC, Ble-Castillo JL, MirandaOsorio PH, Castell-Rodriguez AE, Tovilla-Zarate CA. Hypoglycemic effect of Carica papaya leaves in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012;12:1-11.

Owoyele BV, Adebukola OM, Funmilayo AA, Soladoye AO. Anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya leaves. Inflammopharmacology. 2008;16(4):168-73. doi: 10.1007/s10787-008-7008-0, PMID 18759075.

Anibijuwn II, Udeze AO. Antimicrobial activity of Carica papaya (pawpaw leaf) on some pathogenic organisms of clinical origin from South-Western Nigeria. Ethnobotanical Leafl. 2009;13:850-64.

Otsuki N, Dang NH, Kumagai E, Kondo A, Iwata S, Morimoto C. Aqueous extract of Carica papaya leaves exhibits anti-tumor activity and immunomodulatory effects. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;127(3):760-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.11.024, PMID 19961915.

Pandit A. Ameliorative effect of leaves of Carica papaya in ethanol and antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Br J Pharm Res. 2013;3(4):648-61. doi: 10.9734/BJPR/2013/4517.

Julianti T, Oufir M, Hamburger M. Quantification of the antiplasmodial alkaloid carpaine in papaya (Carica papaya) leaves. Planta Med. 2014;80(13):1138-42. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1382948, PMID 25153096.

Dharmarathna SLCA, Wickramasinghe S, Waduge RN, Rajapakse RPVJ, Kularatne SAM. Does Carica papaya leaf-extract increase the platelet count? An experimental study in a murine model. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2013;3(9):720-4. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60145-8, PMID 23998013.

Hasimun P, Suwendar EG, Ernasari GI. Analgetic activity of papaya (Carica papaya L.) leaves extract. Procedia Chem. 2014;13:147-9. doi: 10.1016/j.proche.2014.12.019.

Hossain N, Kumar PV, Wei YSA. Comparative study of phytochemical content in air dried and lyophilized Carica papaya leaves. Int J Green Pharm. 2016;10(4):220-7.

Tuffley B, Williams C. The pharmacology of carpaine. Aust J Pharm. 1951;52:796-8.

Hornick CA, Sanders LI, Lin YC. Effect of carpaine, a papaya alkaloid, on the circulatory function in the rat. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1978;22(2):277-89. PMID 734216.

Zunjar V, Dash RP, Jivrajani M, Trivedi B, Nivsarkar M. Antithrombocytopenic activity of carpaine and alkaloidal extract of Carica papaya Linn. leaves in busulfan induced thrombocytopenic Wistar rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;181:20-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.01.035, PMID 26812680.

PubChem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Carpaine#section=Top. Open Chem Database. 2018.

Radhakrishnan N, Lam KW, Norhaizan ME. Molecular docking analysis of Carica papaya Linn constituents as antiviral Agent. Int Food Res J. 2017;4(24):1819-25.

Wang X, Hu C, Ai Q, Chen Y, Wang Z, Ou S. Isolation and identification carpaine in Carica papaya L. Leaf by HPLC-UV method. Int J Food Prop. 2015;18(7):1505-12. doi: 10.1080/10942912.2014.900785.

Kocka AB, Zalewski D. Qualitative and quantitative determination of main alkaloids of Chelidonium majus L. using thin-layer chromatographyc-densitometric method. Acta Chromatographica. 2017;3(29):385-97.

Sarkozi A, Janicsak G, Kursinszki L, Kery A. Alkaloid composition of Chelidonium majus L. studied by different chromatographic techniques. Chromatographia. 2006;63(S13):S81-6. doi: 10.1365/s10337-006-0728-7.

ICH. Validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology Q2. In: Guideline ICH harmonized tripartite, ed. International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use. Vol. R1. Geneva; 2005.

Segarra Moragues JG, Iriondo JM, Catalan P. Genetic fingerprinting of germplasm accessions as an aid for species conservation: a case study with Borderea chouardii (Dioscoreaceae), one of the most critically endangered Iberian plants. Ann Bot. 2005;96(7):1283-92. doi: 10.1093/aob/mci280, PMID 16230324.

Sigh J. Maceration, percolation and infusion techniques for the extraction of medicinal and Aroamtic plants. Trieste: International Centre For Science And High Technology; 2008. p. 71-9.

Fiedler E, Grossmann G, Kersebohm DB, Weiss G, Witte C. Ullmann’s encyclopedia of industrial chemistry. Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Press; 2005.

Yap JY, Hii CL, Ong SP, Lim KH, Abas F, Pin KY. Quantification of carpaine and antioxidant properties of extracts from Carica papaya plant leaves and stalks. J Bioresour Bioprod. 2021;10(4):1-9.

Bribi N, Algieri F, Rodriguez Nogales A, Garrido Mesa J, Vezza T, Maiza F, Utrilla MP. Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of total alkaloid extract from Fumaria capreolata. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;7:1-8. PMID 736895.

Vien DTH, Loc TV. Extraction and quantification of carpaine from carica papaya leaves of vietnam. Int J Environ Agric Biotechnol. 2017;2(5):2394-97. doi: 10.22161/ijeab/2.5.16.