DEVELOPMENT OF MYCROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE ORIGINATE FROM SAGO (METROXYLON SAGU) STEM BARK BY HYDROLISIS METHODE USING NITRIC ACID

NUR ILLIYYIN AKIB; SRIWIDODO; ADRYAN FRISTIOHADY LUBIS; MERY DINA SYNTIA SAMANI; AHMAD FAHMI NUR; RINA ANDRIANI; ANIS YOHANA CHAERUNISAA

doi:10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.49622

Authors

NUR ILLIYYIN AKIB Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor-45363, Indonesia. Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Jl. HEA Mokodompit, Kendari-93132, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5175-6803
SRIWIDODO Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor-45363, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-8375
ADRYAN FRISTIOHADY LUBIS Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Jl. HEA Mokodompit, Kendari-93132, Indonesia
MERY DINA SYNTIA SAMANI Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Jl. HEA Mokodompit, Kendari-93132, Indonesia
AHMAD FAHMI NUR Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Jl. HEA Mokodompit, Kendari-93132, Indonesia
RINA ANDRIANI Faculty of Sains and Tecnology, Universitas Mandala Waluya, Jl. Jend. A. H Nasution, Kota Kendari-93561, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5456-8131
ANIS YOHANA CHAERUNISAA Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor-45363, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4985-8206

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.49622

Keywords:

Sago, Metroxylon sagu, Hydrolysis, Mycrocrystalline cellulose

Abstract

Objective: Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is an essential excipient in tablet formulation. Mostly MCC was obtained from wooden conifer stem fiber, therefore environment issues had been came up. Alternative sources for MCC which offer friendly conifer wood need to be explored. This study aimed to isolate and determine the characteristics of MCC originated from Sago (Metroxylon sago Rottb.) stem fibers as an promising alternative of MCC.

Methods: MCC was prepared through pre-hydrolysis using an acetic acid solution, alkali heating using NaOH solution, and acid hydrolysis using nitric acid 0.3 N using three variations of heating temperature, namely 90, 95 and 100 °C. The characterization carried out were pharmaceutical grade, powder properties, FTIR analysis and powder morphology by SEM.

Results: The yields obtained were 66.02; 65.53 and 65.08%, respectively. The characteristics of the MCC sample based on pharmaceutical grade quality were white to yellowish white powder, odorless, tasteless, insoluble in: ether, 96% alcohol, HCl 2N and NaOH 1N. The pH of the MCC suspension were 5.07-5.12, while moisture content were 3.67-4.17%, with loss on drying value as much as 0.37-0.4%, and ash content 1-2.17%. The value of permanganate number were 0.09-0.11, Hausner factor was between 1.05-1.25, and angle of repose were between 11.4-24.8°.

Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that Sago is potent natural resource for MCC. The resulting MCC revealed physicochemical and characteristic of MCC, which almost similar to Avicel PH 102 as standard.

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