INHIBITION OF LIPOXYGENASE ACTIVITY FROM AVERRHOA CARAMBOLA L. LEAF EXTRACTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2020.v12s1.FF024Keywords:
Inflammation, Averrhoa carambola L, Lipoxygenase, ApigeninAbstract
Objective: Inflammation is a protective response to tissue injury caused by physical trauma, harmful chemicals, or microbiological substances.
Leukotriene, which originates in the lipoxygenase pathway, is a mediator of inflammation. Averrhoa carambola L. leave contains flavones, including
apigenin, which exhibits potential anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of lipoxygenase activity. The present study aimed to examine the
lipoxygenase inhibition activity of A. carambola leaf extracts.
Methods: A. carambola leaf extracts were obtained using multilevel maceration using the solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Subsequently,
total flavonoid contents in the three extracts were determined using the colorimetric method. Apigenin content in the most active extract was
determined using high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results: The extract with the highest lipoxygenase inhibition activity was the ethyl acetate extract with an IC50 value of 10.17±0.83 μg/mL
followed by the n-hexane and ethanol extracts with IC50 values of 40.99±0.51 and 35.61±0.66 μg/mL, respectively. Total flavonoid content from
the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts was 3.01, 24.24, and 8.24 mg quercetin equivalent/g extract, respectively. A qualitative test using
thin-layer chromatography showed that all extracts contained apigenin. The most active (ethyl acetate) extract contained 5.39% apigenin with a
high-performance liquid chromatography method.
Conclusion: The ethyl acetate extract of A. carambola leaf is the most active extract to inhibit lipoxygenase activity. Flavonoid content has a strong
correlation to the inhibitory activity of each extract.
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